symbol
- Among the various ways of using symbols, language is the most developed, the most elaborate and the most complex.
- There is not necessarily a connection between a symbol and what it represents. Cultural background is required.
- We are naive about the symbolization process of language, and the same with all kinds of other marks.
- This habit of conflating symbols with what they represent, both personally and socially, has quite serious consequences across a variety of different cultural strata. The environment we live in is also shaped by, and largely created by, many unprecedented semantic influences.
- Citizens need a scientific understanding of the capabilities and limits of general symbols (especially words), so as not to be completely carried away by the complex semantic environment around them.
- Principles about symbols: symbols are not what they represent, maps are not what they represent, words are not facts.
Ref. "Invitation to Linguistics"
Louise is very good at taking chances for herself.
When an unspecified event occurs, the understanding of "war" and "dispute" can obviously change actions and even have huge consequences.
Symbols and Meanings
When the Heptapods first introduced their names, humans didn't know what they were drawing and what they represented, it was just a symbol.
But in order to facilitate our own understanding, humans have given them names that we understand ourselves: Abbortt, Costello.
At this point the symbol has meaning.
language and action
When asked about the purpose of coming to Earth, the aliens provided an answer of "provide weapons" - note that the aliens here use a term that it thinks humans can understand. That is, words that need to be understood by both parties.
But as a nervous human being, seeing this news, it will explode at the moment. See the power of language.
As Louise said, both languages and cultures have the potential for polysemy, which is very important.
Language changes understanding, understanding changes action, and action changes the world.
Language & Inference & Judgment
inference
An inference is a statement made about an unknown thing based on what is known.
The strength of an inference usually depends on the quality of the report or the source of the observations, as well as the ability of the inference itself.
All rash claims based on casual observations of social phenomena are too strong a sense of inference.
judge
The so-called judgment is the expression of the author's approval or disapproval of what he describes.
Judgment has a lot to do with the use of words, such as actors and actors, bureaucrats and government officials.
Judging too early can cause us to lose sight of what is right in front of us.
The world of words and the world of extroversion
We call the world learned through words the verbal world.
We call the world we know directly or directly from personal experience the extensional world.
The relationship between the world of words and the outward world is the same as the relationship between a map and the territory it supposedly represents.
As a child grows into an adult, if the world of words in his head is not too different from the world of extroversion he is exposed to in his increasing experience, he will not be in much danger as an adult.
Each of us inherits a lot of useless knowledge, false impressions, and myths (those are maps that we think are correct), so there is always a part of what we learn that must be discarded.
There are 2 sources of errors:
The maps others gave us were originally wrong
The maps others give us are correct, and we ourselves misunderstand them and thus create the wrong map.
Ref. "Invitation to Linguistics"
The news media disseminates information through language and images, which influences human's judgment of extraterrestrials and inferences about the next situation.
The incitement of this kind of emotion is actually expressed through language, which affects the judgment of the authorities, and also affects the soldiers who are closest to the incident, which leads to the subsequent explosions - language, which changes the world.
AND and how the film influenced audience perceptions of China. Can think.
symbolic experience
People who have read good literature have much richer life experience than those who cannot or are unwilling to read good literature.
If we are able and willing to read, we can live as many, many different lives as we want.
The world we live in is not only the world of extroversion, but also the world of language, which is symbolic experience.
Readers, who mature with age, continue to make their symbolic experiences increasingly profound, extensive, and refined. Every time a new symbolic experience is added, it shows that his knowledge of human affairs in the world has become richer.
Because they understand, they are compassionate.
Ref. "Invitation to Linguistics"
Language forms our way of thinking, and we use language to understand our world.
It is a framework, an order.
Louise has learned the language of the heptapod, so it is equivalent to learning a tool, and it is not an exaggeration to say that it is a weapon. After all, language can change the world, and in 3000 years, humans can help the Heptapods.
Louise also learned a different way of perceiving time by learning the language of the heptapods, thus foreseeing the future.
cooperate
The more people who can use the nervous system of others to benefit themselves, the easier it is to survive. The more cooperation, the more the whole benefits. The main reason for gregarious living is to integrate the nervous system, and the secondary reason is to unify the physical strength. All social organization can be regarded as the large-scale cooperation of the nervous system.
With language, we can not only report the complex responses and changes required within our nervous system, but also relay those reports. Language can be used to describe language.
In addition to developing language, humans use some relatively permanent marks and traces to represent language. This enables communication across time and space. For the convenience of others, pass on information that the individual knows.
No one can acquire knowledge based on personal experience alone, and language makes human progress possible.
The so-called human characteristics are mostly due to our ability to create our own systems to make sounds and traces have a set of meanings, and then use these words and language systems to cooperate with each other.
Language is an indispensable tool in human life, which can shape, lead, enrich and accumulate human experience in the past and form the future life.
Knowledge cooperatives: Not only do we have the opportunity to live a richer life than our previous generation, but we also have the opportunity to integrate our own contributions, however small, into the totality of human achievement.
Language is social. Cultural and intellectual cooperation is a major principle of human life.
The work of making concerted efforts to promote social causes must be realized only through language as a medium, otherwise there will be no possibility of success.
Ref. "Invitation to Linguistics"
Language and Cooperation
Why the seven-legged monster came to 12 regions of the earth is really well-intentioned.
One is to expect people around the world to work together to break down communication barriers.
On the other hand, it is probably also hope that people around the world will work together to learn this new language and reach a consensus.
In this way, when human help is needed in the future, the power will be even greater.
"Arrival" I watched 2 times in one go.
I cried.
Nothing is more moving than a feeling that goes beyond words.
The hope of the pessimists, the softness of the brave.
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