Abstract: Since its release, "Tangshan Earthquake" has created a box office miracle in a short period of time. While earning enough box office, it has also earned enough tears from the audience. The touching point should be the film's true portrayal of human nature. Freud believed that personality theory mainly includes the theory of consciousness level, personality structure theory and personality development theory. In his personality structure theory, he divided personality into "id", "ego" and "superego". Doubt, this film is the most vivid interpretation of human personality and human nature. Keywords: Tangshan earthquake; Freud; id; ego; superego It is only a small part of consciousness, but most of the preconscious and unconscious hidden underwater have an important impact on human behavior. Freud's personality theory can be seen everywhere in "Tangshan Earthquake". 1. The "id" of human nature embodies human nature The "id" contains the basic desires, impulses and vitality required for survival. It is the source of all psychological energy and belongs to the subconscious of human beings. It completely ignores social morality and external behavior. The norm, whose only requirement is to obtain pleasure and avoid pain, the goal of the id is to obtain individual comfort, survival and reproduction, is unconscious and unrecognized by the individual. From this family in the film, we can all find the "I" factor in their humanity. 1. Fang Deng's strong desire to survive is the instinct of human beings to survive. In the middle of the night, both sister and brother fell asleep. There was an earthquake, and the two were held down by the same big board. The rescuers said that they could only save one, because one end of the raised board must be pressed against the child at the other end, and the mother made the decision. , My mother said no, they were all saved. No matter how the rescuers asked, my mother said that they were all saved. It wasn't until the rescuers said that if you didn't decide, I would save others first, and my mother made the decision that was the hardest in her life and that she felt guilty about for the rest of her life: "Save my brother." When the elder sister who was under the stone heard the words "Save the younger brother", a long string of tears flowed from the corners of her eyes, and hatred for her mother was born from this. Freud believed that the "id" is the most primitive part of the personality structure and the most basic source of human spiritual function. principle" (i.e., the pursuit of pleasure that satisfies one's primordial instincts). Just like when a baby feels hungry, it will cry to remind the mother to breastfeed, and will never consider whether the mother is in difficulty. After Fang Deng was pressed down by the slate. Out of her desire to live, she kept telling the rescuers with the sound of hitting stones: I'm still alive, come and save me. Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs It tells us that the lowest level of human needs is physiological needs, and there are higher needs in order to survive. I believe that Fang Deng does not know the theory of personality, let alone the theory of hierarchy of needs, but her behavior is the best embodiment of the "self" of human nature. 2. A mother's painful choice reveals a mother's inner suffering. A mother's love is selfless. In the face of two children, ten fingers will have their own lengths and weaknesses. From the detail that the mother gave the last tomato to the younger brother, it can be seen that the mother prefers the younger brother relatively. In the vast rural areas of our country, families with brothers and sisters can especially feel this intertwined emotion. Both siblings (brothers and sisters) in the family are in school, but suddenly there is only one child in the family to go to school, and the elder sister (sister) is often the one who gives up. Not to mention Tianjin in 1976, even in today's Tianjin, under the influence of Chinese feudal ethics, the phenomenon of "smothering boys over girls" still exists widely. Yuan Ni is also an ordinary person, and she also grew up under the influence of this culture. At the last moment, she chose to save her younger brother, which is actually a surrender to the feudal ethics. Judging from the vital signs of the sister and brother, the elder sister is obviously better than the younger brother, and the elder sister's desire to survive is also significantly higher than that of the younger brother. You can see her desire for life from her constant tapping on stones. I believe that as a mother, It can be seen, but why she chose to save her brother in the end is actually the role of feudal etiquette. Fang Daqiang is dead, she wants to leave a bloodline for the Fang family, and her son naturally becomes her painful and helpless choice. 3. The father's perseverance reflects the instinct of men. The parents were not at home when the earthquake happened, which means that they may have escaped the disaster. However, after the parents heard the cry of their children, the mother first went desperate to save people. At this time, it was the father who dragged the mother aside, and rushed in without any concern for his own life. In the face of relatively weak women, men's instincts are often strong, brave and responsible. At the juncture of life and death, Fang Daqiang, who has only 23 seconds, has no time to think, but he resolutely leaves the hope of life to his wife, who is precisely the man in his subconscious. instinct. 2. The Development of Human "Self" Freud pointed out in the theory of personality that "self" is the differentiation and development of the "id" in the real environment after the individual is born. Such needs. If he cannot be satisfied immediately in reality, he must accommodate the limitations of reality and learn how to satisfy needs in reality. From the principle of governing human nature, the "self" is the principle of reality. In addition, " The ego is valued between the "id" and the "superego", and the impulse of the "id" and the control of the "superego" have the function of buffering and regulating. For orphans, Fang Deng is happy. Her adoptive parents treat her as if they were her own. They regard her as the jewel in their palm and provide her with a good environment for growth. But Fang Deng has always been lukewarm with her adoptive parents, and she didn't even say a word when she first arrived at her adoptive parents' house. Her adoptive parents worked hard to pull her up. As soon as she went to college, she did not go home for two consecutive summer vacations. Since her father's visit It can be seen that she rarely even contacted her adoptive parents during college. Until her adoptive mother died, she did not tell the secret that had been hidden in her heart for 14 years. After dropping out of school because of her pregnancy, she was never heard from by her adoptive father, completely ignoring that her adoptive father was alone and unattended. Is it because she doesn't know how to be grateful? It shouldn't. The audience may know the whole story, but her adoptive parents don't. It was not until the end that she said to her adoptive father, "I don't think about it, but I can't forget it." At this moment, she turned the grievances and resentments in her heart into tears that flowed on the shoulders of her adoptive father. Yes, some things are unwilling to remember, but it does not mean that they can be forgotten for a lifetime. It can be seen that many years later. She still holds a grudge against "saving her brother" and holds a grudge against her mother. From the perspective of human "self", Fang Deng's emotional development is logical. After she experienced "abandonment", she began to learn how to feel, judge and think about herself. She has learned how to use "realism" to gain herself Satisfaction of needs. A mother can ignore herself, not to mention her adoptive parents. In her heart, not only did she not accept the gift of her adoptive parents, but she may also have a feeling of resistance and rebelliousness towards her adoptive parents, so as to achieve her own "revenge" Purpose. Because no one can really go into her heart and touch the most vulnerable string in her relationship, 2. Fang Deng's love In 1988, Fang Deng was admitted to Hangzhou Medical College, and fell in love with his senior brother and became pregnant. In Chinese colleges and universities in 1988, it should be regarded as "rebellious" behavior. However, Fang Deng faced all this calmly, even when her adoptive father came to visit, she did not shy away. This also fully reflects her "I", the child "abandoned" by her mother in the earthquake, naturally longed for a man to protect her, and a considerate senior brother naturally entered her heart. However, when she learned that she was pregnant, her boyfriend's The reaction was beyond his expectations. The boyfriend said that the future cannot be affected because of the child. In fact, anyone with a discerning eye can see that her boyfriend is unwilling to take responsibility. Fang Deng said: "You don't know me, and you don't know people who have experienced earthquakes." How important is life, I would rather drop out of school and have this child. Fang Deng also said: "I am a native of Tangshan. I crawled out of the dead. Lying next to me is my dad. "Actually, she was telling her boyfriend that she had experienced an earthquake. how important she sees life. Because of this, despite being dropped out of school and breaking up with her boyfriend, she gave her child a chance at life. Many years ago, her mother gave up her for her younger brother. Today, she gave up her studies and love for her life. From her choice, we can see how calm and determined her outlook on life is + this is also the true embodiment of her "self". 3. A mother's guilt for her daughter and her love for her husband. When a mother is faced with a cruel situation where her son and daughter can only save one, it is difficult for us to appreciate the pain and helplessness in his heart. In front of nature, the power of human beings appears So small and insignificant, she only needs to vent her inner suffering by scolding "you bastard" God. How she knew that to save either one meant giving up the other. The palms of the hands and the backs of the hands are full of flesh, no matter how serious her "patriarchal" concept is, it is difficult for her to make a choice at a moment of life and death. After saying "save my brother", I believe her heart has died with her daughter, and her guilt and guilt towards her daughter can only be borne by her alone. Therefore, after Fangda developed, he had to take his mother to Hangzhou, but his mother did not go. To buy the best house for my mother to live in, my mother does not live. Fonda is in a hurry, you can't get along with me. My mother said that the earthquake has already moved home. I burn paper for your father and sister every year, and tell them how to go home. If they don't move, I can't say no. The real thought in her heart is to make up for her "sin" in this way. Fang Daqiang sacrificed himself for his wife's life. Yuan Ni, who became a widow, was pursued by someone, but she always refused with "impossible" and did not give anyone any chance. He understands that her husband used his life to prove his love for him, and he should respond with a lifetime of constancy. Fonda had a successful career. When he came back, he invited his mother to have dinner at the best hotel in Tianjin. He asked why he stopped looking for him. The mother said, who would risk his life for me? In fact, my mother's love had already gone with my father. There is a pool of stagnant water in her heart, and no one can enter her heart, because she is full of power in her heart. The mother's lifelong unwillingness to marry and reluctance to move is actually the thought of many earthquake survivors. In just 23 seconds, after experiencing the great sorrow of the world's ruined family, it is not easy to face hardships bravely, so what is happiness. Mother showed the heart of a real earthquake-stricken person, and vividly interprets people's "self". 3. The leap of human "superego" The superego is the moral part of the personality structure. It is formed by the internalization of moral norms and values of the social and cultural environment in the process of individual growth. Its functions are mainly in supervision, Criticize and control one's own behavior. The superego is characterized by the pursuit of perfection, so it is the same as the id. In fact, the superego is also largely unconscious. The superego requires the ego to satisfy the id in a socially acceptable way, and it follows "moral principles". 1. It has been 32 years since the brothers and sisters returned to Wenchuan for disaster relief. The time was fixed at 14:28:04 on May 12, 2008, when 8.8% occurred in Wenchuan, Sichuan. In the magnitude 0 earthquake, the younger brother in Hangzhou and the older sister in a foreign country chose to participate in the earthquake relief. The younger brother has successfully supported a large amount of material equipment in the disaster-stricken area, and the older sister originally studied medicine and joined the medical team. Brothers and sisters experienced the Tangshan earthquake 32 years ago, and they are grateful to the People's Liberation Army who rescued them and the people of the whole country who supported them, so they are supporting the disaster victims in Wenchuan in their own way, radiating the brilliance of human nature, the two brothers and sisters The behavior is a kind of "superego" state. Among them, it is worth mentioning the Tangshan Rescue Team. Many people in Tangshan have consciously joined the earthquake relief team, which shows the Chinese nation's "one side is in trouble and all sides support" and "the grace of dripping water should be reciprocated by the spring." traditional virtues. Among them, my sister has a profound background in her marriage to Canada. She was abandoned by her mother at the age of 6 and abandoned by her boyfriend at the age of 20. For a woman who has experienced life and death, these are irreparable traumas. . It may have caused her to lose confidence in both Chinese men and women, and even have no illusions about the Chinese people, so she chose to marry abroad. So logically speaking, when the Wenchuan earthquake occurred, he would at most express sympathy. It is very likely that she will not return to China to participate in the earthquake relief in person, but Fang Deng still proceeded from the "moral principle" of the "superego" and the principle of truth, goodness and beauty of human nature, and she returned to China. Of course, her "superego" humanity has also been rewarded, and she finally released her old quarrel with her mother and melted into the deep affection. 2. Behind the difficult choice of Sichuan mother, Fang Deng finally got out of the predicament of resentment should be participating in the earthquake relief process in Wenchuan. When the Wenchuan mother chose to amputate her leg in order to save her daughter, she cried bitterly, saying that you should stop saving and sawing the leg. I can't sacrifice another person because of my child's leg. Blame me when the child grows up. The history is strikingly similar. The two great mothers made the same difficult and helpless choices. The important thing is that Fang Deng has been able to examine the difficult choices of the two mothers with the eyes and thinking of adults. When she was a Wenchuan mother, she should have started to forgive her mother from the bottom of her heart. It is with Wenchuan's insight that the following plots are made logical, from the brooding of the younger brother to the recognition of the sister and the younger brother, from the resentment of the mother to the mother and daughter crying, all this is a matter of course. Especially when she returned to her mother's house and saw the washed tomatoes, she saw her mother's 32 years of guilt and self-blame, when she opened the cemetery under her name and took out the textbooks her mother bought for her every year, She finally completely forgot her resentment and the phrase "save my brother" that had been hidden in her heart, and finally hugged and cried with her mother 32 years later. Said: "I'm sorry, I'm sorry, I'm sorry..." At this point, the film has completely conquered the audience. The film does not emphasize special effects, there is no general narrative and realism, there is no sad love story, no complicated characters, and more There is no propaganda-style education, but starting from an ordinary family who has experienced the Tangshan earthquake, it outlines the painful choices of an ordinary mother, and depicts the inner entanglement between the mother and her two children for 32 years, thus triggering a sense of human nature. Concern, reconstruction and reflection on the meaning of life and outlook on life, it is this true humanity that is reflected from the depths of the soul. It really touched the audience. The film well integrates the "id", "ego" and "superego" of the personality into a person, and the greatness in the ordinary can be seen in the great and the subtle. This may be the true meaning of the film.
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