1. La Fontaine: a perfect example of the combination of form and content.
Jean de la Fontaine (1621-1695) is one of the representative writers of French classical literature and a famous poet of fables. His works have been organized by later generations as "La Fontaine's Fables", which are also called "Aesop's Fables" by the famous ancient Greek fable poet Aesop and "Krylov's Fables" by the famous Russian writer Krylov. For the world's three major fables.
There are countless people in French literature. The director chose this great fable poet at the beginning of the chapter, which tells us that the story that is about to begin is like a fable, and we should not only look at the surface, but also understand the real side.
2. Three thick white books that look like primers on literature.
After reading the two articles, the teacher began to recommend books to the male lead. I didn't say the name, but as a teacher who once dreamed of being a writer, it was the first time to recommend a book to a child with great potential for literary creation. Naturally, I would be very cautious, but I couldn't be sure of the child's writing style, so we can guess, The three books are the basic bibliography on rhetorical devices such as choosing words and constructing sentences.
After that, the male protagonist's writing level improved by leaps and bounds. It can be seen that he read these tomes carefully. And this kind of hard work can't be cultivated for a child of his age in a day, so it can be guessed that the male protagonist is by no means as simple and ignorant as he looks.
Many viewers felt that the ending was unacceptable. Why did the silly white sweet boy suddenly turn into a demon who sow discord? Look at the background of the male protagonist: he was abandoned by his mother when he was a child and took care of his disabled father alone. Such a family background is enough to train a man with a mature mind and mind. The loveless and broken family created the boy's cold and broken heart, and at the same time stimulated his strong curiosity and desire to explore other people's families. If you think about it carefully, the ending makes sense.
3, "The Catcher in the Rye", the book read by the maniac who shot John Lennon.
"The Catcher in the Rye", originally titled "The Catcher in the Rye", is the only novel by American writer Jerome David Salinger. Salinger limits the beginning and end of the story to 16-year-old middle school student Huo Huo. In three days from leaving school to wandering New York, Ton Caulfield explores the inner world of a teenage boy. Anger and anxiety are the two major themes of this book. The protagonist's experiences and thoughts resonate strongly among young people and are warmly welcomed by readers, especially middle school students. This film also happens to be a story supported by the inner monologue of a teenager. The director paid tribute to "Mai" and helped "Mai" to be rehabilitated in the hearts of French readers.
The teacher told his wife that he hoped the male protagonist could learn to understand life through literary creation. But the wife said, "Literature doesn't teach people anything." The wife said this with great emotion. Why is she so emotional?
From his wife's background, we can see that she is the director of the art museum, but in the end, the life and death rights of the art museum are in the hands of the twin sisters who do not understand art. The style of the art gallery is similar to surrealism and experimental avant-garde art. The conflict between wife and husband also implies the conflict between traditional art and modern art. A woman, whose love of art is suppressed by reality, is not understood by her husband, and cannot bear children without children. So this is a woman who may collapse at any time, just a fuse, and the boy's article is the fuse.
4. Chekhov, Dickens, Flaubert, Madame Bovary.
The teacher recommended the book for the second time. After reading the boy's revised second edition, the teacher's wife sarcastically said that it was the male protagonist who helped him write, indirectly expressing her recognition of the male protagonist's writing talent. The teacher also sensed the development trend of the male protagonist's writing style through these articles, recommended three books by realists, and specially emphasized the title of "Madame Bovary". Why special emphasis on this book?
Madame Bovary tells the story of Emma, a peasant girl with an aristocratic education. She despised her husband, Bovary, who was a village doctor, and dreamed of a legendary love. But her two-time affair, far from bringing her happiness, made herself the object of exploitation by loan sharks. In the end, she accumulated a mountain of debts and had no choice but to commit suicide by taking poison. With a seemingly indifferent attitude, Flaubert revealed the causes and consequences of this tragedy very "objectively" and stated the responsibility that society cannot shirk.
The introduction of this book is simply an overview of the film, and the two-time cheating corresponds to the cheating of the male protagonist and the two women. Although the film does not end with the boy continuing his actions, the director hints through the book that the boy may have the same ending as Madame Bovary. Therefore, the director's purpose is the same as that of Flaubert. The tragedy of the two families cannot simply be blamed on the boy. The society has an inescapable responsibility!
5, Homer's epic "Odyssey", Ulysses overcame many difficulties.
The journey of Ulysses returning home was full of hardships and dangers. It took a whole 10 years. The events he experienced were:
a. He was first imprisoned by the one-eyed son of Poseidon, the god of the sea, and then stabbed him in the eye.
b, Passing the siren's turf, he tied himself to the post of the ship and plugged his ears, avoiding the siren's terrifying alluring sound.
c, On the island of witches, the sailor was turned into an animal by his wit to subdue the witch.
d. After the man-eating giant Raustrigones lost his army, he went to the underground world to see his fate. Lead the remaining people to the island of the sun god to eat the sacrifice, and then he is the only one left alive.
e, was rescued by the goddess Hippolyta, and then insisted on going home after rejecting Hippolyta's love.
f, was rescued again after being rushed to a small country by Poseidon, the god of the sea, and finally returned home after rejecting the princess' love.
In a word: This man has a very firm belief and can withstand temptation!
In the film, the male protagonist is the incarnation of "Ulysses". Writing, women, and fatherly love cannot "seduce" him. His ultimate goal is the last sentence of the film, "Mr. Gilman has lost everything, his wife , his work, but he still has me by his side, ready to tell a whole new story together."
6, Achilles, ancient Greek mythology.
Achilles was a demigod hero who participated in the Trojan War in Homer's epic "Iliad" and the first warrior of the Greek coalition. Son of the sea goddess Thetis and the hero Peleus. After being born, he was immersed in the water of the River Styx by his mother, and his entire body was invulnerable except for the fact that Thetis was afraid of drowning and grabbed the heel that was not touched by the water of the River Styx. In the Trojan War, he killed Hector, the first warrior of Troy, and turned the Greek army into victory.
Achilles faced a dilemma in the Trojan War, fight or stay with his lover? The story of the male protagonist also faces a dilemma. Should the boy study hard in class or continue to pursue his classmate's mother? Teachers are also faced with a dilemma: tutoring boys in the face of criticism or giving up a gifted student for fame? The teacher's wife too, should we continue to insist on modern art that is not understood or change careers to make a living? From ancient Greece to the present, times have changed, but the dilemma of the pleasant has never changed.
7. "One Thousand and One Nights", teachers and students discuss how to attract the allusions mentioned by readers.
Legend has it that there was a Sasang kingdom between ancient India and China. King Shanruyar was cruel and jealous by nature. Because of his misbehavior, he killed the queen. After that, he married a girl every day and killed him the next morning as a show of revenge. In order to save the innocent woman, Scheherazade, the daughter of the prime minister, voluntarily married the king, and used the storytelling method to attract the king. Every night, she talked about the most exciting part. It was just dawn, which made the king could not bear to kill, and allowed her to continue the story the next night. . Her story has been told one thousand and one nights, and the king was finally moved and grew old with her.
Here, the director continues to suggest the plot with books. The teacher is like a king who has lost interest in his wife. The male protagonist is like the daughter of the prime minister. He uses storytelling to attract the teacher. The teacher also "can't bear to kill" the male protagonist, helping him steal the test papers and tutoring him... The final outcome can be imagined, the male protagonist used his story to "get together" with the teacher.
8. The "Minotaur Labyrinth" is a monster of Greek mythology.
According to legend, Zeus, the king of the gods in the shape of a bull, swam to Crete with Europa, the daughter of the king of Tyre, a city-state of Phoenicia on his back. Here, Europa became the wife of Zeus, and gave birth to Minos (this may be the title of the dynasties of Crete). Minos later became the king of Knossos. On one occasion, one of the sons of King Minos was killed while fighting in Athens. King Minos was furious, and he wanted to punish the Athenians severely. Finally, he forced King Aegus of Athens to sign an appalling treaty: Every year, Athens must pay tribute to King Minos with seven pairs of virgins and virgins. . After these people were sent to Crete, they were used as food to be eaten one by one by a monster with the head of a cow, the Minotaur. According to legend, the Queen of Minos, Pacifici, fell in love with the gigantic bull and gave birth to the Minotaur. In order to cover up his ugliness, the king invited a "handy craftsman" Daedalus to build a large-scale and complex double-axe palace, and then hid this half-human, half-cow monster in the deep palace. The Athenians were very afraid of the power of Minos, and had to pay tribute every year. All Athenians with virgins and girls were in a state of panic, and the entire Athenian kingdom (city-state) was full of depression and terror.
The teacher's wife compared her gallery to a "tauren labyrinth" when considering whether to give it a catchy name. The wife's current mood is the same as that of the Athenian people, depressing and terrifying. The twin sisters are the tauren monsters in the labyrinth, and the wife must keep handing over tributes to curry favor with them in order not to be fired.
9. Kafka, When the Great Wall of China was Built.
At such an ordinary family dinner, the director deliberately mentioned Kafka and his book, with two ironic effects:
1. "Kafka" means "jackdaw" in Czech and "hole bird" in Hebrew. The husband in this family is like a "jackdaw", who is frequently beaten in his career and has no future. The wife is like a "hole bird", staying at home and thinking about how to decorate the house. The whole family exudes a desolate atmosphere.
2. "When the Great Wall of China Was Built" is a literary work written by Kafka on "The Great Wall of China". It is between novels and prose, and many of them are the author's imagination. His works are allegorical and prophetic, and his worldview is full of contradictions. From the beginning of the film, my husband is full of yearning for China. He wants to do business with Chinese people, and his food is also Chinese. How real is his imagination? Many of the contents of Kafka's book seem unrealistic now, and the husband's imagination may be the same. At the end of the film, can they really make a fortune by moving their family to China? I am afraid that when I arrive in China, I will feel that "the greater the expectations, the greater the disappointment".
10, "A Simple Heart" Flaubert's short story collection.
"A Simple Heart" is one of the short story collection "Three Stories" written by Flaubert in his later years, and it is also the author's most outstanding short story. It writes about the ordinary and touching life of a maid. Through the details of daily life, the author creates a simple and moving image of a working woman, showing her beautiful and kind heart and brave and witty qualities.
The title of the book is very ironic. The teacher is really a simple heart, but the student's heart is not simple. The content of the book warns us that if a simple heart lacks wit and courage, it may be used to deceive; if a witty and brave person lacks a simple heart, he may cause more harm to others.
11. "The Confusion of Student Tolles" Musil, a coming-of-age novel.
This is a novel with same-sex content. At the beginning of the twentieth century, the Austro-Hungarian Empire on the eve of its collapse. A military boarding school. Tolles, sixteen years old, was born into a high-ranking family in the Austro-Hungarian Empire. He is introverted and likes to meditate. Sexual desires in adolescence and unguided thirst for knowledge make this sensitive and thoughtful teenager into a lot of confusion.
Raphael and Tolles are very similar and have similar confusions. The teacher hopes that he will solve his own confusion through this book. However, after reading the book, he seemed to have a little more courage, and showed his heart to the male protagonist's sudden kiss. Teachers would never have expected a recommendation to have the opposite effect.
12. "Commodity Catalog of Modern Art", Feng Tang's works.
Chinese elements appeared in the film again, Feng Tang. There are many Feng Tangs in China. I think this is what the director wants to say: the novel has fresh language and sophisticated techniques, and is loved by a group of literary youth and intellectuals. Many people also commented on Feng Tang as an outlier in the contemporary literary world.
Naturally, traditional literature teachers could not understand "the heterogeneity of Chinese literature", and this was also the first time he showed a strong dislike of modern art: "Such an introduction is shit, such art is perversion, such a book introducing art is Dogs are perverts." The teacher stopped recommending books, but started complaining about books. The change in the teacher's mood implies that the conflict between husband and wife has reached the peak, and the relationship between husband and wife has come to an end. The male protagonist realizes this, and he is ready to start his real "end" plan.
13. The allegorical poem "The Oak and the Reeds", a masterpiece by Lafont Dan.
The success of "Oak and Reed" is that it depicts the two personalities and two psychology of oak and reed very delicately. In this poem, the oak tree embodies the proud possessor of power, who wants to protect his neighbors, give shelter, and withstand the wind and rain. Yet this is superficial pity, cheap generosity. On the other hand, although Reed is weak, he knows where his strength lies and is not humiliated by Oak's arrogance. His awe-inspiring and inviolable spirit and unwillingness to be outdone are also vividly depicted. Through its psychological depiction of oak trees and reeds, this poem satirizes the arrogant and praises the soft on the outside and strong on the inside. The poet also revealed the relativity of the strong and the weak, and under certain conditions, the two will transform into each other, a profound philosophy of life.
The film is also like an allegorical poem, vividly revealing the philosophy of strength and weakness. At first we felt that the male protagonist was weak, Raphael was weak, the teacher and his wife and Raphael's parents were strong. But at the end of the movie, the situation is reversed. The male protagonist's weak appearance is a strong heart that takes care of his disabled father and does not give up until his goal is achieved. Raphael has the courage to expose the teacher and try to save the family's strong heart. While the teacher and Raphael's father are fragile hearts with family discord and unrewarded ambitions, the teacher's wife and Raphael's mother are fragile hearts who are neglected and unfree by their husbands. Strong and weak are not static.
14. Tolstoy, Anna Karenina.
When the teacher's wife put the book back on the shelf, she casually complained: "I hate Russians. I have read 10 pages of this book, the first 5 pages and the last 5 pages." First of all, this sentence expresses the wife's concern for traditional Literature is really not interested. Second, the "first 5 pages and the last 5 pages" symbolize the love between her and her teacher. Only a little beauty at the beginning and a sense of relief at the end make her excited, and the boredom and dullness in the middle have no sense and can be ignored.
"Anna Karenina" is about an aristocratic woman, Anna, who pursues love and happiness, but she is devastated in the face of Karenin's hypocrisy, Vronsky's indifference and selfishness, and finally ends up lying on the rails and committing suicide. 's fate. Contradictory times, contradictory systems, contradictory characters, and contradictory psychology make the whole book sway in the vortex of contradictions.
Like Madame Bovary, it is another love tragedy. At this time, the wife is also full of contradictions in the face of the little fresh meat in front of her. Love has come to an end, how should she choose? From this, we can understand the wife's behavior afterward. She broke through the contradiction and made a choice - stealing a cleanse with her husband's students and then leaving gracefully.
15. "Baby in the Storm" (a book written by the teacher 20 years ago).
We don't know the contents of the teacher's book, but we know from the wife's mouth that it is a "cliché love story". "Traditional" is better to say "big reunion", which means that this book has a "big reunion" ending like a Chinese TV series. The wife's mouth is full of ridicule and her heart is full of envy.
Analyzing the title of the book again, we can guess that the book is a story about a couple who finally gave birth to a baby or raised a baby after suffering or something similar. This is the expectation of the childless teacher himself (if the wife didn't know the infertility 20 years ago, it was wanting children). For a wife, infertility is a scar that can never be healed, and I can't tell the sadness in my heart when I read this book.
16, "The Long Night Walk" Celina novel.
The protagonist of the 20th century vagabond novel "Wandering in the Darkness" has traveled all over the world. He has gone to college, worked odd jobs, sold his life on the battlefield, deserted, entered a mental hospital, and opened a clinic. , has run through the tricks, and played a tragic role in the relationship between men and women. The novel exposes the dark night in the whole world through his dark life journey of several decades, and is considered to be "the most vivid and heartbreaking work written in this century". Selina's ruthless anatomy of others and himself, epic brushstrokes of hallucinations, lyrical and vulgar, eloquent and vulgar and even vicious language expressions, form a unique and distinctive Selina style.
The book describes the darkness and desperation of human nature. The director chose this "most heartbreaking work" and finally hit the teacher with a blow, which is really appropriate. The dark human nature of the students finally drove the teacher to a dead end.
The ending is also the biggest irony for the teacher. The students are really talented, and this amazing ending is exactly the same as the theory taught by the teacher at the time, "Do you know the key to a good ending? It just makes the reader feel that I never thought it would be like this, but it is true There is no other possibility."
Note: All documents are from Baidu Encyclopedia, the author does not have a deep understanding of various literary masters and works, if there is any error, please correct me.
Ended
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