At present, most people define autism as follows: "Autism, also known as autism, is classified as a developmental disorder caused by a disorder of the nervous system, and the inability to carry out normal language expression and social activities. , often doing some stereotyped and repetitive movements and behaviors.” This means that people tend to view autism as a disorder, a deficit, or even abnormal. However, after watching the movie "Temple Grandin", as Tempo and her mother said in the movie, "They are different, but not less", I prefer to believe that they are different from ordinary people Some of the more special existences, in many cases, are more wonderful existences.
According to the diagnostic criteria for autism in the Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), Tempo is a typical patient with autism.
1. Impairment in social communication and social interaction in any situation, regardless of general developmental delay
A, impairment in social-emotional interaction (reciprocity) - severity ranging from abnormal social interaction to inability to maintain bidirectionality In conversations, there is less response in communication, and less interest, emotion, and emotional sharing, to the point of being unable to initiate social interaction.
This Tempo fits perfectly. At the beginning of the film, Tian Bao came to her aunt's farm for a summer vacation, and in the car she kept repeating a simple plot line from a certain movie aloud, not realizing whether her aunt was listening or interested. At the same time, in her mother's recollection, she did not respond to her mother's demands as a child.
B. Impairment in nonverbal communication behavior in social interaction - ranging in severity from poor verbal and nonverbal communication, abnormal eye gaze and body language function, impairment in understanding and using nonverbal communication, complete lack of facial expression facial expressions and gestures.
This Tempo also fits. We know from the memories of the mother in the movie that Tempo still did not speak when he was four years old. Part of the reason why she chose to spend the summer at her aunt's house was because she didn't want to go to college. And the reason she didn't want to go to college was because she couldn't understand people's behavior. She couldn't understand the meaning of people's different expressions, and she didn't know the changes in her own expressions. She even told her mother frankly that she might never learn to read other people's eyes.
C. Impairment in developing and maintaining interpersonal relationships - ranging in severity from an inability to engage in contextually appropriate behavior, difficulty sharing imaginative games and making friends, to a complete lack of interest in people.
This Tianbao is slightly in line. When the film opens, she is about to enter university and has been able to communicate with people smoothly. But every time she met someone for the first time, she would always introduce herself loudly and in a strange tone. After introducing herself, she would either turn her head to focus on the thing she was most concerned about, or ask abruptly aloud a strange question that would easily "scare" others. The problem. In French class, she spoke loudly, shocking those around her. At the same time, she refused to hug anyone, or have physical contact. This series of behaviors shows that although there has been considerable improvement, people can still quickly see the difference between Tempo and the average person.
2. Limited, repetitive behaviors, interests, and activities. Fixed or repetitive speech, movement, and use of objects; excessive adherence to routine, ritualized use of verbal or nonverbal behavior, extreme resistance to change; very limited and fixed interests, extreme concentration on interests; input of sensory stimuli Overreaction and overreaction, abnormality to sensory stimuli in the environment.
In this regard, Tianbao's performance is also more prominent. When she arrived at my aunt's house, my aunt arranged a room for her. But she asked a question: "How do I know this is my room?" Until the aunt wrote a name on the paper and pasted it on the door, she reluctantly accepted. Later, she added her surname after "Tianbao" before giving up. For her, perhaps only the room with her name written on the door (and it should be her name, not the name of another person also named Tianbao) is her room. So when she went back to the room one day and saw the paper with her name on it fell to the ground, and the bed sheets in the room were placed in a different position than usual, she would suddenly lose control, screaming and rushing to the corral.
In terms of interests, she is even more persistent. After seeing the cows for the first time on her aunt's farm, she fell in love with them. So she often lies in the corral and observes their every move and behavior pattern; during her university, master and doctoral studies, her research focuses on cattle, designing a deworming tank for cattle, a humanitarian cattle slaughtering system, until half of the U.S. The above ranches use their designed livestock systems.
3. Symptoms must appear in early childhood (but symptoms may not fully manifest until the social demands of the environment or situation exceed the child's ability)
From the mother's recollection in the film, Tempo showed a lot of distinctiveness from the start the difference.
4. Symptoms cause impairment of daily living functions.
From the first three points, we can be sure that Tempo includes almost all the symptoms of autism, but it is this fourth point that makes me have another idea. What is the impairment of daily living functions? Or, can I understand that as long as it can complete its daily affairs independently, it cannot be said to be a defect?
In the movie, in addition to these symptoms of autism, Tempo has a lot of advantages. In this selection, its outstanding points are listed as follows:
1. Extraordinary observation ability.
Tempo has a camera-like memory, and everything she sees is stored in her mind in the form of images, which is hard to forget. This ability is not possessed by many intelligent people.
So, when he was at his aunt's house, he could easily distinguish dessert spoons and teaspoons that her uncle and aunt couldn't tell apart; he could get inspiration from the switch on the high window of the room to help aunt solve the problem of the farm gate switch; Create a "hug machine"; be able to discover the movement laws and patterns of cattle in a short period of observation on the cattle farm, so as to improve the livestock husbandry system of the pasture; be able to run home by yourself just by looking at the drawings made by the architect design, etc.
2. Extreme concentration.
Perhaps it is their "fear" of many of the things we take for granted, their very limited interests and their extreme focus on their interests, that allows them to be exceptionally focused on what they are doing. And Tianbao is exactly that.
In order to continue to use her "hug machine" in the university dormitory, she invited many people to experience the hug machine, conducted very rigorous scientific experiments, and completed a very rigorous academic paper, which raised her subject grades from F becomes A, which also allows her to legally own the "hug machine".
During her master's degree, in order to study cattle, she designed a more humane, more scientific and labor-saving "insect removal tank", she first tried to persuade her tutor, and then managed to enter the pasture (the process was quite tortuous), and then she focused on it (real, thorough He did not only focus on his observations, until he finally moved the person in charge, obtained permission to sign, and successfully designed an improved "insect removal tank", which not only allowed the cattle to consciously "immerse in water" without panic, but also eliminated risk of drowning.
During the Ph.D. period, he was also obsessed with improving the cattle slaughtering system...
Different from ordinary people, Tianbao's obsession with perseverance did not seem to require much perseverance and perseverance, but more like a natural behavior.
Any "normal person" who can do this will definitely be evaluated as an "excellent" person (of course, Tianbao in real life has indeed been recognized by people). And what I want to say is, since a remarkable "autistic" patient can achieve the same level of excellence as a "normal person", why should autism be regarded as "abnormal", "patient" with "defects"?
We can find some clues to Tempo's growth from the movies.
The first thing that must be mentioned is her mother. At present, people still cannot determine the cause of autism, but Tianbao's situation should be derived from genes (Tianbao's mother graduated from Harvard University, it is said that she has a normal child, and the way of raising is no different from Tianbao's, but in the movie No information on Tempo's father appeared.). After learning that Tianbao has autism, she did not send Tianbao to the shelter as suggested by the doctor, nor did she give up because the doctor said "maybe she will not be able to speak her whole life", she insisted on teaching Tianbao to read and write. Control your emotions in various ways so as not to hurt Tianbao. She insists that Tempo is "different from ordinary people, but not flawed," and insists that Tempo lead a "normal" life. She loves her, respects her, wants her to go to college, but doesn't force her, but lets create opportunities for her to make her own choices. It is precisely because of this that Tianbao can meet enlightenment mentors, enter universities, study for masters and doctoral degrees, and finally win the recognition and respect of everyone. Although God destined her to be different before she was born, her wonderful and great mother did not let her lose more.
The second thing to talk about is Tianbao's uncles and aunts. The life at Auntie's Farm in the summer before college should be one of the turning points in Tempo's life. Knowing her situation, uncles and aunts also get along with her in a kind and respectful way. Tianbao can't recognize expressions, so the aunt took pictures of Tianbao's various expressions with a camera, and taught Tianbao to "recognize" the expressions of various emotions through the photos. It was also here that Tianbao discovered the "hug machine", fell in love with the cattle species, and chose to go to college because of his uncle's saying "university is a miracle".
The third thing I have to say is her enlightenment teacher, Dr. Carlock. If the love and respect of her mother and aunts and uncles gave her the foundation to grow freely, it was Dr. Carlock who discovered her genius. Dr. Carlock treats her with the same equality and respect. He can use careful observation to understand Tianbao's feelings, and he is even more amazed at her genius, which enables her to gain many experiences that will benefit her throughout her life. For example, like all good teachers and good friends, he gave Tianbao a lot of love in a special way, making her realize her special and extraordinary qualities, and creating opportunities for her to gain self-confidence and the recognition of her classmates.
The fourth one is about her blind roommate. Maybe the blind roommate is a special existence like Tianbao, so Tianbao's "weird" behavior has rare recognition and tolerance. She allows Tempo to keep the "hug machine" in the dormitory, accepting and understanding Tempo. At the same time, because of the help she needs as a blind person, and because of Tianbao's kindness, Tianbao, who has never been able to have any physical contact with people, accepts others holding her hand for the first time, until they become friends later, Tianbao and Tianbao It was quite natural to hold hands.
To sum up, Tianbao is a very lucky "autistic patient".
First of all, although she is autistic, she is "high-energy autism". In real life, many autistic patients may have the label of "low energy" while autistic. Tempo's intelligence and power of observation enable her to accomplish many things that others cannot.
Secondly, Tianbao has all the emotional components that are very important to us, such as maternal love, family affection, teacher-student affection, and friendship. Although she has been ridiculed and discriminated against, the warmth she has encountered in her life is enough to defeat those negative emotions. Marx in another film, "Mary and Max," apparently wasn't so lucky.
Third, the most rare thing is probably the result of the tolerance and recognition of her by the people around her, Tianbao's acceptance of herself. Tian Bao has a lot of fear and confusion about the world, and she also feels frustrated when she encounters disappointment, but she rarely sees "self-loathing" in her feelings. Unlike what Marx said to Mary, "When I was young, I felt that I would like to be anyone except myself", she said to people: "I'm different, but not less." It is this kind of self-identification and acceptance, It allows her to find and maintain herself.
From this perspective, Trimble's success largely stems from people's recognition. So, I am happy to look at her from a special, but not "abnormal" perspective and respect her. That's why I titled the "Non-abnormal Psychology" reading.
Perhaps, when we all look at "autistic people" with a special respect, we will find that their worlds, though different from ours, are just as wonderful. The world is so big, if we can accept that every "normal person" has a different personality, then we should also be able to accept that there are many normal people in this world who don't seem so "normal".
At the end of the film, when Tianbao speaks on National Autism Day, people ask her: How did you heal? Tianbao replied: I have not been cured. In "Mary and Marx", Marx also said: I don't want to be cured, I'd love to be an Asperger's patient!
Writing here, I suddenly thought of a question: Why has no one found a cure for autism so far? Perhaps, autism does not need to be "cured" at all, because they are normal people. Or, when everyone is not trying to "cure" them, but respects and tolerates them, maybe, it is possible for them to be miraculously healed!
References
1. Temple Grandin, film. Director: Mick Jackson, Screenwriter: Merritt Johnson / Christopher Monger Official Website: www.hbo.com/movies/temple-grandin Release Date: 2010-02-06
2. Wikipedia: Autism http://en. wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E9%96%89%E7%97%87
3. Wikipedia: Tempo Grandin http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A9 %E5%AF%B6%C2%B7%
E8%91%9B%E8%98%AD%E6%B1%80
4. Wikipedia: Asperger's disease http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/ %E4%BA%9E%E6%96%AF%E4%BC%
AF%E6%A0%BC%E7%97%87%E5%80%99%E7%BE%A4
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