For why this article is written, please see the article below, which introduces what is going on in 4K 120-frame 3D, a top-level format movie, and how the director shoots it. The Past and Present of "Gemini Man" 4K 120fps HDR3D Specification-Ang Lee and "Billyn's Midfield Battle" zhuanlan.zhihu.com Then this article will talk about how to play in theaters.
City Specifications Table.
There is not much public information about Cinity. We found that Cinity is a complete set of cinemas owned by Huaxia Films. It was released on August 21, 2019. As of October 20, it was released in conjunction with "Gemini Man," and 20 theaters have been built nationwide. cinema. Since China's giant screen "beads and jades are in the front", this time, China's promotion of Cinity did not emphasize local characteristics but emphasized its own international partners, and tried its best to dispel the negative impact of everyone's dissatisfaction with local projection technology.
Since I know that the core projector is the RealLaser technology of Christie Digitals, it uses two latest CP4450-RGB projectors, which were just released in July 2019, and have not even appeared on the official website of Christie Digitals, but the official description supports 4K and HFR (High Frame Rate). At present, the hardware level of this system is very high, but considering that the R&D contract between Huaxia and Christie was just signed in April 2019, the news of CP4450 was released in July, and the theater was launched in October, the maturity of this projection system still needs to be verified.
In terms of audio, judging from the copies released by "Gemini Man", there are copies in two formats: Cinity+Dolby Atmos and ordinary Cinity. At present, Cinity may not include an audio system at all, and the audio system needs to be selected by the theater. If so, it is also a good choice to be able to superimpose Dolby Atmos, and there is no need to develop an audio system that is difficult to integrate. The audio system of ordinary Cinity has not yet been introduced, and the official announcement only has an "immersive sound effect," which is not effective information. Judging from the copy of "Gemini Man" released in mainland China, it may only have 5.1 channels, which is consistent with digital IMAX, and it is very likely that City is also configured in this way.
Dolby Cinema.
Dolby Cinema is a cinema system launched in April 2016, just before the release of "Billy Lynn." Like Cinity, Dolby Cinema's projector system is also designed by Christie, and the projector model is CP42LH 6P (dual head). The biggest technical feature of the CP42LH is the expandable modular laser backlight. Each group provides 5000 lumens of brightness, up to 12 groups can be stacked up to 60000 lumens, and the screen can reach 14FL when showing 3D movies. Due to data processing limitations, this projector projects at 120FPS at 2K resolution or at 60FPS at 4K resolution. In addition, the traditional advantage of Dolby Vision is the contrast ratio, which can provide a contrast level of 1000000:1, which is much higher than IMAX's 8000:1. That is, the black will be darker.
In terms of audio, Dolby Cinema uses the familiar Dolby Atmos, which is an object-oriented audio system, completely different from the traditional 5.1 or 11.1 generation. Another disadvantage of IMAX is the audio system. In fact, no matter the 5.1 channel of digital IMAX or the 11.1 channel of laser IMAX, it is still based on traditional audio technology.
IMAX.
This is old, has a lot of drama, and is a little lengthy:D Because IMAX has a relatively long history, it has the most projection systems. Film IMAX is divided into 35MM wide screen, 70MM wide screen, and 70MM 1.43:1 (this is too luxurious and everyone may not have the chance to see it. A projector weighs two tons. Body armor is required to change xenon bulbs. Due to cost and technological progress, everyone's current IMAX cinemas are basically digital IMAX released in 2008. The projectors of this digital IMAX system used Christie products before 2012 and Barco products after 2012. I won't talk about the specific parameters. Anyway, it is definitely worse than the above, because their light source is still a xenon light source, and most of them do not support HFR. IMAX that supports HFR is called IMAX 3D+, and there are very few such theaters.
Since IMAX is so famous, if the hardware is so bad, it must be unreasonable, so in 2014 IMAX launched the first-generation laser IMAX (IMAX with Laser) of the dual-machine laser projector. The parameters of this machine are still good; the brightness is 50% higher than that of digital IMAX, and it supports 60FPS HFR and 4K resolution. The parameters are basically the same as in Dolby Cinema. In terms of audio, it has been upgraded from 5.1 channels of digital IMAX to 11.1 channels. In fact, laser IMAX technology is indeed closer to Dolby Cinema, and its 3D glasses technology is homologous to Dolby 3D, rather than digital and film IMAX. In addition, although the parameters of laser IMAX are similar to those of Dolby Cinema, this is achieved when the screen area is about twice that of Dolby Cinema and digital IMAX. to 300 square meters).
IMAX's first-generation laser IMAX is very expensive. It is said that the cost is 10 times that of digital IMAX and 5 times that of second-generation laser IMAX. It was the first at Dongguan Wanda and eventually only had three screens. It has not been promoted in the world, so IMAX was reduced in 2018. After the first-generation IMAX specification, the second-generation laser IMAX was launched to replace the digital IMAX, which is currently very weak except for the IMAX-exclusive frame and picture, which have no advantages at all. In 2019, IMAX and Barco extended the exclusive cooperation agreement to laser IMAX, which confirms that all IMAX projectors will be supplied by Barco in the future. The current projection model is unknown, but both Barco's 4K75 and 4K60 can project 4K at 120 frames per second, and the brightness of 60,000 lumens is also at the same level as Christie's products, so the performance should be no problem. However, we have noticed that Cinity, the first-generation laser IMAX, and Dolby Cinema are dual-camera 4K or 2K projections, but the Laser IMAX2 generation is a single-camera 4K projection, and HFR may also support 60FPS. This is the high-end flagship standard dual-machine dual-head, but the second-generation laser IMAX is a single-machine dual-head, and the brightness is halved.
RealD 6FL/Luxe.
RealD is a company that originated in 3D technology. Its RealD focuses on high brightness and uniform brightness, and can provide brightness equivalent to digital IMAX3D. Using Christie projector CP2220, it can be seen that this model is slightly lower-end. RealD's giant screen is called Luxe, and the parameters are no different from RealD 6FL, but the screen size reaches 20 M width level, which is basically slightly smaller than the digital standard IMAX3D. In 2019, RealD deployed a high-brightness version of Luxe on a small scale, but it did not call it a replacement, but just "high-brightness RealD Luxe". The brightness level has caught up with the second-generation laser IMAX, and there is still a certain gap between Dolby Cinema and Cinity.
CGS stands for China Giant Screen.
This is the standard for building, led by China Film. Except for projectors, the facilities of each company may be different (screen size, sound, etc.). The cost of China's giant screen is half that of digital IMAX. But let me just say a word. The brightness of the dual-screen Barco projectors used in China's giant screen is 40% higher than that of digital IMAX, and the screen size is smaller than that of digital IMAX 3D, but the nominal brightness is the same as that of digital IMAX, and the water in the middle technology itself feels. In terms of audio, you can choose from the same as in ordinary movie theaters. People can choose from Dolby Atmos, or DTS:X, as their audio source. In terms of system version, these international business leaders have generally upgraded their technology every four or five years, while China's giant screen has been in five or six versions since its birth in 2011. In a nutshell, it is not advised.
Single summary.
I introduced the projection systems of each company before, and the final summary was changed to a different form, ending with a single item and an overall comparative evaluation. 2K has become popular; high-end theaters have achieved 4K 3D; Christie and Barco's projectors have 4K; and the popularity of 4K in new theaters is just around the corner. Brightness: Brightness is the biggest difference between high-end and low-end systems, and Cinity and Dolby Cinema have obvious advantages. Now that the light source is fully laserized, the laser hall is no longer a selling point. The modularization of the laser light source makes the brightness a simple cost issue, and the material will be brighter if you are willing to stack it. Cinity=Dolby Cinema>Laser IMAX2 Generation>Luxe Highlight Edition>Digital IMAX=RealD 6FL/Luxe.
High frame rate (HFR): HFR is the advancement of hardware technology to push back the development of film production. Soon, the problem with high frame rate films is not the shooting equipment, nor the projection equipment, but the director's shooting technology. As Ang Lee said, actors can't make up, can't shoot with shoulders, and the lighting problems caused by HDR ultra-high brightness are the reasons that prevent people from seeing more HFR movies. In terms of hardware, many systems can already support 60FPS HFR. There are numerous new "laser halls." 60 frames per second = RealD = Laser IMAX > Digital IMAX Not to mention that Dolby Atmos is superior to traditional; the more money spent on traditional, the better the quality (the more channels, the better the speaker quality).
3D (glasses) technology.
Dolby 3D is the most effective, with no dead ends: Dolby Cinema, Dolby Vision Hall, first-generation laser IMAX, and hundreds of glasses. The second circular polarization of RealD: Cinity, RealD series. Linear polarization is the most common in IMAX and other theaters. This gap between each gear is not one point, but one generation.
Comprehensive sorting
The first 70MM 1.43:1 film is the first in the IMAX universe, Nolan's favorite, but you don't have to think about it, the mainland doesn't have it. As for why the universe comes first, look at this picture. The big one is. The one with a 1.90:1 aspect ratio.
First tier:
The first generation of laser IMAX: Although the parameters are similar to Dolby Cinema, there are two magic weapons: the largest large screen and the special format (1.43:1) set by many IMAX cameras. The disadvantage is that the number is small and the presence is low; HFR is not supported; the audio spatial accuracy is not as good as Dolby Atmos.
Cinity: The parameters are perfect, and the 4K 120FPS 3D format is temporarily unmatched. Disadvantages: audio is reliant on cinema and is hesitant to invest; 3D technology is circularly polarized, so watching high-format movies in the center of the theater may cause dizziness; it is recommended that you visit this theater to see "Gemini Man," but remember to buy tickets early to get a good seat in the middle. Dolby Cinema: The parameters are almost perfect. The 2D projection experience should be the best. Disadvantages: Ang Lee's films are not as good as Cinity, and the content of IMAX special productions and film content suffers.
Second tier:
Except that it is not as good as the first echelon, it does not support HFR. The last tier is the highlight version of Luxe: Compared with the second generation of laser IMAX, there are fewer special effects and pictures. Brightness is less than satisfactory, 2D is better than Lux, 3D is weak, special films are stronger.
Fourth tier:
Compared to digital IMAX, there is less special content and graphics, and the screen is smaller. Not in the flow: The effect of the Chinese giant screen is not always as strong as the laser giant screen hall you saved.
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