About Berian
Berian of Ibelin (died 1193), an important nobleman in the Crusaders of the Kingdom of Jerusalem in the twelfth century. He was the son of Barisan of Ibelin; brother of Hugh and Baldwin. In the film, he is portrayed as an illegitimate child, which is quite different from the historical facts. The historical Berian is not an illegitimate child, but the legitimate third son of his father "Old Berian of Ibelin". At least ten years older than the Mask King (Bei inherited the family title in 1150, and the Mask King was born in 1161), and participated in the Battle of Mongiza in 1177. Therefore, by the time of the Siege of the Holy City in 1187, Berian was at least an uncle in his forties.
In 1150, after the death of his brother Hugh, the city of Ibelin was adopted by Lord of Ramla, who wanted to keep the original title, and then transferred to Berian. In 1174, Baldwin of Berrian supported Raymond III of Tripoli to replace Miles of Plancy as regent to King Baldwin IV. In 1177, the brothers participated in the Battle of Montgisard. In the same year, Berian married Maria Comnena, widow of King Amalric I, and inherited the title of Naples. In 1183 the Berrian brothers supported Raymond against the then regent, the husband of Sibylla, Guy of Lusignan of Lusignan. In the same year, Berrian attended the coronation of Baldwin V, who was still alive, in order to prevent Guy from becoming king. In 1185, Baldwin IV died, and Baldwin V, who was only eight years old at the time, officially ascended the throne, but died the following year. Raymond wanted to make Humphrey IV of Toron king, but he refused and supported Guy. Berrian reluctantly swore allegiance to Guy, while his brother refused and was exiled to Antioch. Berian remained in the kingdom of Jerusalem and survived the defeat at the Battle of Hattin in 1187. Along with Queen Sibylla and Patriarch Heraclius, he defended Jerusalem and negotiated with Saladin at a later surrender (October of the same year). Ibelin, Naples, Ramla, and all other territories of Berrian were taken by Saladin after the Battle of Haiting, but Berrian and his family were able to escape to Tripoli. In the battle between Guy and Conrad de Montferrat for the kingship, Berrian initially supported Guy, but later conspired with Maria to get Conrad and Isabella of Jerusalem. of Jerusalem, Mary and Amalric I daughter) of his marriage, and turned to Conrad. After Conrad's death, Isabella married Henry II of Champagne, and Berrian was Henry's adviser, and in 1192 helped Richard I of England and The Saladin Agreement ended the Third Crusade. Ibelin was still under Saladin's control, but Richard compensated Bellion by granting Caymont's dominion. In 1193, Berrian died. His son John of Ibelin was Lord of Beirut and sheriff of Jerusalem.
About Guy
Guy of Lusignan was the son of Hugh VIII, Lord of Lusignan in the western French province of Poitou, and many members of the Lusignan family participated in the Crusades. In 1168 Guy and his brother ambushed and killed Patrick, Earl of Salisbury (this may be the prototype of Berrian's earlier plot in France, the director transplanted Guy's story to Berrian). In 1180 he married Sybil, sister of King Baldwin IV of Jerusalem. After the death of Baldwin IV in 1185, the six-year-old Baldwin V, the son of Sybil and her ex-husband, was the heir to the throne. The next year, the little king may be poisoned by Guy, and Sybil becomes queen.
In 1187, he fought with the Egyptian Sultan Saladin, and Gay was determined to recover the fallen city of Tiberias, but was defeated by Saladin at the Battle of Haddin. He himself and many nobles were captured. In October of the same year, Saladin captured Jerusalem and the kingdom was destroyed. After Sybil's death in 1190, Guy competed with Conrad de Montferrat for the empty title of King of Jerusalem. In 1192 he ceded the title to King Richard I the Lionheart of England in exchange for dominion over the island of Cyprus.
About Sibilla
Princess Sibylla was the half-sister of King Baldwin IV of Jerusalem (also known as the leper King Baldwin IV in the film). Since Baldwin IV suffered from leprosy and had no children, and Sibylla had a son with her deceased husband, Guillaume of Montferrat (later Baldwin V), he was in the line of succession. quite advantageous. As for Berian, because of his marriage to Maria Komnenos, the widow of the former King Amalric I of Jerusalem, the Ibelin family supported another princess, Isabella (born by Maria Komnenos). , Sibylla's half-sister). It is conceivable that the real relationship between the male and female protagonists in history cannot be too good. What's more, the Ibelin family once joined forces with the Count of Tripoli, Raymond III (that is, Tiberias in the film) and others to force the marriage, trying to force Sibylla to marry Berian's brother Baudouin...
In fact, in the history of the villain Guy is a free love with the heroine Sibilla and finally successfully married. During their married life, Guy and Sibylla had a strong relationship.
About Baldwin IV
Because the king suffered from leprosy and died early, there are not many deeds. The kingdom of heaven is obviously beautified. There are mainly two battles in the historical facts. He fought quite well in the battle of Mongiza , This was originally a war for Saladin to take Jerusalem, and the Egyptians had an army of more than 20,000 infantry and 18,000 cavalry, while he only had a few hundred knights and less than 3,000 infantry, and he dared to pass through the Egyptians The blockade and reconnaissance went straight to Saladin's stronghold, and it was successful. The Egyptians were shocked and defeated. Saladin himself withdrew under the cover of the Guards, and most of his Fatimid officers were here. He was killed in the battle, which caused most of his generals to be replaced by Mamluks. Although the Franks suffered heavy losses, with 1,100 deaths and 750 serious injuries, you have to consider that this is a battle of 1 against 10. It is not easy to win. It is not easy for a young man who suffers from leprosy, wears a mask all day, and has no feeling in one arm to fight such a victory in a lifetime. He didn't have such good luck in the Battle of Spring Valley. The Franks vanguard left the main force to chase the Saracens skirmishers, and the result was that they directly ran into the main force of Saladin's neat formation, and the king and others were beaten. At that time, his main force was still behind and did not keep up. The result of the pursuit battle was even more embarrassing. The king and others only escaped the disaster by hiding in the cave. At this point, it can be seen that Baldwin's leadership level is still not stable enough. In his later years (in fact, it was not a few years, because he only lived to be 24 years old), the Egyptians were even more powerful, and the Franks and the entire Crusaders were in a state of disintegration and survival, Baldwin also did not have the ability to go. Constrain them and make some big moves, because at this moment his own health is too bad, and he has entrusted the regent to Raymond, the regent who wants to negotiate with Saladin. Later, he basically didn't make any big moves until he died. It was others who were thinking about his throne. So overall, as a leper who has lived for 24 years, it is not small to be able to defeat Saladin once in his life. After all, the level of others is even lower. Among the others, it seems that the only person who can make Saladin suffer is Richard the Lionheart, who is full of the protagonist's halo.
About Saladin
Saladin was born in 1138 in Tikrit, northern Iraq. In 1169, when the young Saladin was 31 years old, he was already the prime minister of the Fatimid dynasty of Egypt and the governor of Alexandria. At that time, the Fatimid dynasty was on the verge of collapse under the successive blows of internal and external troubles. Under his shrewd management and benevolent treatment, the country's strength was quickly restored, and he became a hero worshipped and admired by all Egyptians. In 1171, after the death of the Fatimid caliph Adid, Saladin, with his unparalleled prestige in the country, effortlessly replaced Fatima and established the emerging Ayub dynasty, and he was the monarch of the new dynasty. In 1185, Saladin successfully captured Mosul, and at an inconceivable speed he established an Arab empire that was not unprecedented but unparalleled, including modern Egypt, Palestine, Syria, Yemen and northern Iraq.
After basically completing the unification of the Arab kingdom, Saladin began his real career - fighting the Crusaders. In order to achieve the strategic goal of expelling the Crusaders as soon as possible, Saladin adopted a series of decisive and careful deployments. Internally, he worked to unify the Arab world in order to strengthen himself. After 10 years of unremitting efforts, Saladin finally established a powerful empire in 1185 including Egypt, Sudan, Syria, part of Iraq and the entire Arabian Peninsula, and completed the strategic concept of encircling the Crusaders from the east, west and north. Externally, he made peace with the Byzantine Empire, dismantling its alliance with European feudal states, thereby reducing the threat of crusaders attacking Egypt from the sea.
About the Battle of Harding
In the winter of 1186, one of the powerful men of the Kingdom of Jerusalem, Reynard, who held the title of Duke of France, once again robbed an Egyptian caravan from Cairo to Damascus, as he was accustomed to do. And twice tore up his peace treaty with Saladin. This made Saladin, a generous character, also angry, because the Egyptians were his subjects, and he first politely protested to King Gay of Jerusalem, asking them to release the merchants and return the goods. Reynard, who does not know whether to live or die, said contemptuously, let Saladin go to Muhammad, the implication is to let him go to hell! Saladin was furious and vowed to kill the rogue Reynard with his own hands. The holy city of Jerusalem was originally his goal, and this time he just gave him an ample opportunity.
In late June 1187 AD, Saladin mobilized a large number of troops, about 20,000 people, assembled in Egypt, marched towards the kingdom of Jerusalem, the strongest among the Crusaders, and launched the battle to recover the Holy City. Saladin adopted the tactic of attacking the west and attacking the west, first besieging the city of Tiberias (also translated as Tiberias). At that time, the upper echelons of the Jerusalem regime were already full of contradictions. Several powerful figures such as Reynard and Gerard of Reidford, the leader of the "Knights Templar", and King Guy, were scheming with each other, intriguing and fighting each other. Power seizes power, the gap is very deep. Reynard, a fanatical knight, used this to scold Raymond as a coward and a traitor, and tried his best to persuade King Guy to send troops. Immediately, 1,200 knights, 2,000 cavalry, and more than 10,000 infantrymen were assembled. Ignoring Raymond's repeated warnings, they proceeded to Tiberius.
On July 3, Saladin surrounded the Crusaders at Hedian, near the western shore of Lake Tiberias. The Islamic army set fire to the bushes around the Crusaders' camp, and the smoke was so thick that the Crusaders could not breathe. The Crusaders had no water to drink and were extremely thirsty. Although Lake Tiberias was close at hand, they could not break through the siege of the Arab army. In the heat of midsummer, a large number of Crusaders died of thirst. In the early morning of the 4th, the Crusader general Raymond led a charge of knights, trying to break through the siege of the Arab army. Saladin ordered the army to leave a line of survival for them to escape, and then surrounded all the Crusader infantry. In the end, the Crusaders in Jerusalem were almost wiped out. The Kingdom of Jerusalem was powerless to resist Saladin. After a 13-day siege, Jerusalem surrendered.
In stark contrast to the slaughter of the city when the Crusaders conquered Jerusalem 88 years ago, Saladin entered Jerusalem without killing a single person or burning a house. According to the agreement signed at the time of surrender, each man in Jerusalem was to pay 10 dinars, each woman 5 dinars, and children 1 dinar; those who could not pay would become slaves. Saladin waived the ransom of 7,000 poor people. Saladin's younger brother asked Saladin for 1,000 slaves and released them. The bishop of Jerusalem followed suit, taking 700 slaves from him and freeing them. Finally, Saladin himself announced the release of all prisoners of war without a ransom. In the film, Berian negotiates with Saladin, which directly simplifies the process.
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