Transcript of the trial of Sophie Scholl

Camylle 2022-02-28 08:02:04

On February 17, 1943, Sophie accepted the first interrogation of
Mohr, head of the German secret police : "Sofia Magdalena Scholl, from Ulm, born September 5, 1921 in Forchten Fort, Protestant father What is the name. "?
Sophie:" New moon Robert Dole, former mayor Fauci Württemberg region. "
Moore:" graduate nurse "?
Sophie:." Yes, "
Mo Seoul: "the second area resident to Munich Franz Josef 23 13 Schmidt street with a garden of a house?"
Sophie: "Yes."
Moore: "? convict"
cable Fei: "No."
Moore: "According to the director of the university, you threw the flyer down the railing?"
Sophie: "It's all over the marble railing. I pushed it as I walked by."
Moir : "Why?"
Sophie: "Because of a playful nature. But I knew right away that I was wrong, I realized that pushing those papers down the stairs was a mistake. I regret it, but it doesn't change the truth."
Moore : "Miss Scholl, the leaflets you sowed in the university belong to the category of special punishment for war. Would you like to check what is the crime of treason and the crime of covering up the enemy?"
Sophie: "I have nothing to do with it. More
: "Cell, jail or death penalty."
Sophie: "I really didn't do anything!" More
lit a cigarette, "Want to smoke?"
Sophie: "No, thanks!" More
: "But Do you smoke?"
Sophie: "Occasionally." She was a little nervous, rubbing her hands back and forth on her legs.
More put down the cigarette, put the two stacks of flyers on the suitcase for comparison, and said, "The size is just right."
Sophie: "It just happened." More
: "Why did you take an empty suitcase to college?"
Sophie: "I'm going home, to Ulm, so I have to get some clothes. That's what I brought to my mother last week."
Mohr: "To Ulm? That far? In the middle of the week. Moment?"
Sophie: "Yes."
Moore: "Just to send a few clothes?"
Sophie: "No, and to see my friend and her newborn baby. Also, my mother is sick. More
: "But why are you going back in the middle of the week? It's class time and it's too rushed!"
Sophie: "Because my friend went to Hamburg earlier than planned. So I also took the weekend trip It's ahead of time. I wanted to catch the 12:48 express train. I also made an appointment with my sister's boyfriend to meet at Holzsinki Railway Station. If you don't believe me, you can ask him." More
: "His name is What's his name?"
Sophie: "Otto Eicher. He arrived in Munich at 11:30 in the car from Thorn."
Moore; "Is Eicher spelled 'E'?"
Sophie: "no, it's 'a-i'."
Moore: "you did not take the dirty clothes to go to Ulm you?"
Sophie: "no small hand wash my own clothes, big-ticket has not been cleaned.."
Moore : "You don't really need to bring clean clothes. Do you want to explain to me in one go that you have to bring an extra empty suitcase for clean clothes?"
Sophie: "I have to think about the next week, when I am in Ulm. "
Moll: "What did you do in college? Where are you going to Ulm?"
Sophie: "I made an appointment with a female friend, her name is Gizera Shetling. We have an appointment today Lunch at the lakeside cottage in English Park at 12."
Moore: "Although you're going back to Ulm?"
Sophie: "I changed my decision temporarily last night, so I'm going to school today to say goodbye to Gizera."
At this time, the staff outside the door handed Moore a document, and took away the box and two stacks of flyers on the table. Sophie clasped her hands together, looking uneasy.
More: "Why did your brother go to school with you? And you just wanted to say a short goodbye to Shetlin."
Sophie: "We go to school a lot. Hans is going to the neurology department. More
: "The director said you were in the second-floor corridor at 11. What are you doing there?"
Sophie: "It was on our way to meet Gizera. She was teaching Huber about philosophy." Introductory class."
Moore: "But the class is on the first floor."
Sophie: "Yes, we arrived 10 minutes early. I pointed to the Institute of Psychology to show my brother. That's where I often go to class. Place, on the second floor." More
: "Where are those flyers?"
Sophie: "I see paper all over the floor, if that's what you're referring to." More
: "Didn't you see? "
Sophie:" When I saw, but just a quick look at my brother also made a joke. ".
Moore:" political joke "?
Sophie:" no, he is on paper waste, like me, do not. Ask about politics." More
: "You also attended the recent riot of female college students in the German National Museum and the speeches of the provincial party leaders?"
Sophie: "No." More
: "It is an obligation to attend. "
Sophie: "I don't care about all politics."
Moore: "What do you think of what the party leader said in the National Museum a few days ago that girls should have children for leaders instead of hanging around in school, even When he promises not so nicely to assign them to his lieutenants?"
Sophie: "It's a matter of personal taste."
Moore: "Your situation at school makes you suspicious, and I suggest you immediately Tell the truth without reservation.”
Sophie: "I'm going to argue that I have nothing to do with the flyer at all. Except for that stupid joke. I understand that you will keep your suspicions about us until the real suspect is caught. But my brother and I really nothing to do with this. "
Moore:" you are not considered in this investigation we distort your thinking faith "?
Sophie:" I have for you is open and honest. "
Moore got up and went out, became an instant exhumation, he said : "Miss Scholl, our colleague couldn't find the leaflet in your suitcase, and your brother also confirmed what you said during the interrogation. Are you more relaxed?"
Sophie: "I have nothing to worry about."
Moore picked up the phone to let the recorder in, then said to Sophie, "I'm dictating a note now, listen carefully, and interrupt me if it doesn't match what you're saying. Do you understand what I mean? Miss Scholl?"
Sophie: "Understood."
Moore: "Then you'll be taken to the prison behind you for a while, but after that, maybe you can still go back to Ulm tonight."
Moore turned and asked Whether the recorder has recorded it, I omit it... Sophie has no objection, and is taken to prison.

The next day, Sophie was initially acquitted due to insufficient evidence. She secretly rejoiced and breathed a sigh of relief. Just as Sophie was about to sign the discharge form, the phone rang. It was Moore. After Loch answered the phone, he no longer asked Sophie to sign, but brought her to the interrogation room again. Obviously, Moore had new evidence.

On February 18, the second interrogation of
Moore: "You can take off your coat, sit down!"
Holding Sophie's leave card, Moore looked at the quiet girl opposite. Then put the discharge card into the folder and start asking questions.
Moore:. "Your father sat in prison for six months last year, because he said our leader is 'hostage humanity of God.'"
Sophie: "He because of its 'sinister' was arrested and deprived of work."
Moore : "I was wondering how your father admitted it. You were once a member of the German Youth League?"
Sophie: "Our father never influenced our political thinking."
Moore: "Hum! Typical democracy! Why did you join the German Youth League?"
Sophie: "Because I heard that Hitler took our country Bringing strength, happiness and well-being. Caring that everyone has jobs and bread. Everyone is free and lucky."
Moore: "Are you single?"
Sophie: "I'm engaged. Ritz Hartnagel. He's a captain on the front." More
: "In Stalingrad?"
Sophie: "Yes." More
: "When was the last time you saw him?"
Sophie : "Half a year ago."
Moore put down his cigarette butt and slammed the lamp on Sophie, who closed his eyes subconsciously, then slowly opened them. Moore suddenly took out a Browning pistol from his briefcase, and the atmosphere in the room suddenly became tense!
More: "Know this?"
Sophie: "My brother has one. He's a sergeant in the Wehrmacht." More
: "How do you explain he has 190 bullets in his drawer? 9mm in diameter."
Sophie: "Then My brother's too." More
: "When was the last time you bought stamps?"
Sophie: "About two weeks ago." More
: "Where did you buy it? How much did you buy it?"
Sophie: "In Lee The Post Office at 23 Opold Ave. 10 12s, maybe 5 6s. I can't remember."
More: "No more?"
Sophie: "No."
Mo I took out another stack of stamps from my bag.
More: "Do you know these stamps?"
Sophie: "I don't know." More
: "I don't know?"
Sophie: "I don't know."
More: "We found it in your brother's room. Why didn't you tell us? He used so many stamps to send a lot of prints."
Sophie: "You asked where I last bought it. "
Moll's voice suddenly increased to 80 decibels: "Shameless! Who among you wants to use these stamps for what? Why do you mail so many prints?"
Sophie: "Blessings to family and friends, we wrote a lot."
More: "So you know about these stamps?"
Sophie: "I'm just guessing. You got it from my brother, not me."
Then the Gestapo police came in, folded their arms and stood by the door.
More: "You have a typewriter?"
Sophie: "It's in my brother's room. It belongs to our landlady. She lent it to us so my brother can use it to print." More
: " What to print?"
Sophie: "A treatise on philosophical and theological issues." More
took the leaflet pages from his bag: "Aren't these leaflets?"
Sophie: "No." More
: "Perhaps such a philosophy And theological questions: 'Hitler will not win the war, it will only prolong it.' Or 'Crime won't win the war for Germany.' Or 'The Germany of the future will become feudal. Freedom of speech, freedom of knowledge' "
Sophie: "It wasn't written by Hans." More
: "You wrote it?"
Sophie: "No." More
: "But you believe in such a social order."
Sophie: "I Not concerned with politics." More
hit the table: "Anyway, according to the font comparison, these libel books came from the typewriter in your house and were sent to many residents of Augsburg and Munich since the beginning of the month."
Sophie : "I don't know about it."
Moore: "Sit down! Pay attention to me."
After saying that, he went out. After a while, he came in again. Another piece of evidence in hand.
More: "You were there when your brother tried to destroy this defamation book. Do you recognize this paper?"
Sophie: "No." More
: "Read it out before you say the wrong thing. "
Sophie shining read:." 200,000 compatriots in order to face the expense of a military hypocrite "
Moore:" that is what makes you think think the music played on six other flyers then this handwritten it "???
Sophie: "Don't know!"
Moll growled again: "Enough! The slanderer's leaflet was initiated by a man named Christopher Probst - one of your friends from Innsbruck. We are here with you. Found his letter there. The handwriting is unmistakable. Probst is also a medical student who is kindly cared for by the chief. My family should love every inch of their hometown! As a privileged man, he keeps preaching Family scandal, while others died fighting on the front lines. Who else is involved in this flyer except your brother and Christopher Probst?"
Sophie: "Don't slander!"
Moore: "You're hiding you from me. Evidence that exists in the house, even though you know the full truth!"
Sophie: "I only admit what I know!"
Moore: "Would you like to hear what your brother had to say? Just when he was like you After talking around the corners.' After I finally realized that, in the face of the defeat of the Eastern Front and the strength of the British and American military, it is impossible for our country's army to lead victory to our side. After many painful thoughts, I finally Acknowledging that there is only one way to reduce needless sacrifices and avoid the idea of ​​dominating Europe. And that is to shorten the war. On the other hand, it is a nightmare for me to treat the regions and peoples that we occupy.”
Sophie: "This is just a political explanation, and there is no blame at all."
Moore: "This is a corruption of the armed forces and a great leak!"
Sophie: "I still don't believe this is what my brother said."
Moore: "Ah, you think there's something wrong here, too?"
Sophie: "I don't believe my brother would say this unless he said it to my face." More
:" Has the painter Ekmeier told you anything?"
Sophie: "Yes. Ekmeier has been building in Krakow for months. He gave us a key to enter and leave his studio. , show his work to our friends."
Moore: "Fingerprints on the photocopier prove it's your brother's. He's done all the tricks. He had it recorded, all by himself. Six copies of the flyers are drawn up. and distribution. Then he alone has to hand out 5000 flyers in Munich overnight. You must be with him. You must have been with him on the school terrace this morning. Are you going to tell us you have nothing to do with it? You know? Do you think these flyers are harmless paper? Admit it! You and your brother made and distributed them!"
Sophie: "Yes! I'm proud of it! Now what will happen to my brother and I? so?" More
: "You should have thought about the consequences, Miss Scholl!"
Sophie: "Will our family be implicated?" More
: "That's another story!"
Sophie: "I'm going Toilet." More
: "Not now. Who wrote these flyers?"
Sophie: "Me!" More
: "You're lying again! Miss Scholl. We sent someone to follow up a few weeks ago and concluded that The person who wrote the flyer is most likely a man, studying liberal arts, and it was written by your brother! Who sent these slander books?"
Sophie: "My brother and me. Sorry, I really have to go to the bathroom."
Moore picked up the phone and let police chief Loch in, and told him to take Sophie to the bathroom. In front of the sink, Sophie held back her grief and didn't cry. Loch's urging sound came from outside the door. She looked at herself in the mirror and made up her mind secretly.
Mohr: "What does this mean? 'Hitler's defeat', 'Freedom'? The "" signs are crossed out at the University of Munich, Ludwigstraße. Same."
Sophie: "My brother and I did it."
Moore: "When your brother was arrested at school, he said: 'Go home and tell Alex, he won't have to wait for me.' Shetlin happened to be Just standing nearby. Is this a hint to tell Schmore to escape?"
Sophie: "Hans has an appointment with Schmore, and he doesn't want him to wait for him in vain." More
: "You talk to Schmore about it. Have you ever had this plan?"
Sophie: "No." More
: "With Graff?"
Sophie: "Neither." More
: "Why do you always lie, Miss Scholl?"
Sophie: "I'm not lying."
Moore stood up and opened the curtains. It was the next morning.
More: "This is your confession today, please sign it!"
Sophie reluctantly complied... More asked Loch to take Sophie away.

On February 19, the third interrogation
Moore: "We will not be silent, we are your annihilated conscience. The 'White Rose' organization makes you restless. Who are 'us'?"
Sophie: "My brother wrote this way
Yes ." Moore: "At the end of the flyer on page 4 it says 'Please copy this leaflet and spread it widely'. Finally here is a call for resistance. It doesn't sound like there are just one or two criminals."
Sophie: "We do n't have one. Organization." More
: "How much do you know about Willie Graff?"
Sophie: "Sergeant, like my brother, is a medical student and occasionally visits us." More
: "As far as we know, He also helped copy the flyers in the studio. We found his fingerprints."
Sophie: "But he came to the studio at another time entirely."
Moore: "When?"
Sophie: "Mid-January, When we introduce Ekmeier's work to friends. So there may be other people's fingerprints on it."
More: "Who else is there? Schmore?"
Sophie: "Maybe, I don't know. I just stayed for a while at first, then went to the concert." More
: "Probus Is Tet in charge of the flyers in Salzburg and Linz?"
Sophie: "No, Hans didn't tell him, because he has a wife and three children."
Mohr was furious: "I want you him Tell me the truth! I hope you can finally tell me the perpetrators and manipulators now! Graff? Anneliese?"
Sophie: "I've only seen them 8 to 10 times in total."
More: "What was it all about?"
Sophie: "About literature and science. I don't think Graff has anything to do with politics at all." More
: "No politics but revealed plans to him?"
Sophie: "I Declare that Graf has nothing to do with our flyers."
Mohr: "Where's Shetling?"
Sophie: "I meet Gizera a lot . Since we went to university together in Munich, I've known her on youth duty. labor's Army. "
Moore:" then we will be filled with supporters of the Empire and non-political movement of persons. "
Sophie:" that will be best for you order, Mr. Moore. "
Moore He turned around and took out a stack of files in the filing cabinet.
Moore: "According to our confirmation, the so-called 'White Rose' organizations in January will get only 10,000 sheets of paper and envelopes 2000 who did this.?"
Sophie: "My brother and me."
Moore : "This seems to be believed, because the first 4 pages of leaflets were only printed in over 100 copies. But you still refused to explain to me that your brother and you were able to print the 5th and 6th leaflets alone and more than a thousand copies. Take it by mail."
Sophie: "We work day and night."
Moore: "Admiration! Except for the courses you have a record of?"
Sophie: "Yes, we're going to debunk appearances, ours The resistance has broad bases."
Mohr: "We know that your brothers Graf, Schmoll, and Furtwenler, Wittenstein, have been to the front together, haven't they? They all went to university in Munich. Wouldn't there be any politics between you? Exchange of opinions?"
Sophie: "My brother told me about the grief of people's deaths, but not his friends."
Moore: "I don't believe that, Miss Scholl."
Sophie: "Now everyone very careful to express political opinions. "
Moore:" people look at how you conduct your flyers come from where the address "??
Sophie:" copied down from the national Museum of the phone book. "
Moore : "Look at Stuttgart: on January 27th and the following morning, 700 leaflets were sent there through the post office. At the same time, here - Munich, about 2000 leaflets were sent, and this could not be your brother's one. People did it, 2000 copies!"
Sophie: "I took the express to Stuttgart on the evening of the 27th, and the flyers were in my suitcase. When I arrived, I stuffed about half of the flyers into the mailbox beside the train station. The rest will be sent to the suburbs the next day."
Moore: "But it's impossible for your brother to put 2,000 leaflets in the phone booths and phone books in Munich in one day on January 28. There are other places, who is there? Help him?"
Sophie: "I wasn't in Munich." More
: "Who is supporting your leaflet distribution?"
Sophie: "My father gives me 150 Reichsmarks a month. My brother has military subsidies."
More: "You two live on that money, printing flyers and mailing? Every time you go back to Ulm it costs 15 Reichsmarks for a single trip."
Sophie: "We'll borrow money from friends."
Moore: "Who lent you money?"
Sophie refused to answer.
More stopped asking, and picked up the notebook: "On the top of the left page, there is the letter 'E' for the word 'income', and the name after the fund indicates who lent you the money."
Sophie: "Yes ."
More: "And your fiancé's name below. He was one of the participants?"
Sophie: "He's not! Every time we borrow money for a reason. You can ask each of them if you don't believe me. My brother And I'm the one you're looking for."
Moore: "You didn't think about the consequences. If you and your brother take everything...we know everyone's names! You better think about it, Miss Scholl, Better to cooperate with us. That will ease your sentence. Think about your poor parents and the shame you brought to them!" Sophie: "Mr. Moore, you accused us of leaking secrets, and now you want to Am I selling out my so-called accomplices to make myself feel better?" More
: "Revealing a crime is not a leak."
Sophie: "But my brother's friends have nothing to do with it." More
called Loch in again, Order it to take Sophie.

On February 20, the fourth interrogation
Moore made Sophie a cup of coffee.
Sophie took a sip: "This is the real coffee bean." More
: "Miss Scholl, the happiness of Germany also involves you, right?"
Sophie: "Yes." More
: "You are not like that Ezer is as vile as you are in making an explosion in the cellar of a brewery in Munich, and you use some false rumors, but you fight peacefully."
Sophie: "Then why are you punishing us?" More
: " Because the law says so, there is no order without law!"
Sophie: "The law you cited protected free speech before power was usurped in 1933, but now under Hitler, free speech leads to jail time and even death Disaster, what does this have to do with order?" More
: "If people don't follow the law, what should they follow? Likewise, who will pardon?"
Sophie: "Follow conscience." More
dismissively responds: "Yes. "He picked up the code and Sophie's notebook. "This is the law, and this is the man. As a detective, I need to check whether the two sides are congruent? If not, I have to find out what went wrong."
Sophie: "Laws change. Consciences don't."
Moore: "What if everyone decides for themselves whether their conscience is right or not? Especially when criminals want to overthrow leaders. What? This must be a sinful mess, so-called free thought, federalism, democracy? We had it all, and we already knew what it would bring us."
Sophie: "Without Hitler and his party People also have rights and order in the end. Legal protection is to protect everyone from despotism and not to follow the crowd."
Moore: "Absolutism, follower? How can you talk about it so contemptuously?"
Sophie: " It's you who is contemptuous of us. When you called my brother and me criminals because of a leaflet, we did nothing but try to convince people with words."
Moore: "Because you and that group of people shamelessly With the privilege you were able to spend our money to continue your studies during the war. And I only learned to be a tailor in those damn democratic times. What makes me a policeman today? It was the French who occupied the Palatinate, and Not German democracy! If the movement hadn't erupted, I'd still be a village defender in Pirmasens. The humiliating record of the Treaty of Versailles, inflation, unemployment, economic crises were all solved by our leader Hitler "
Sophie: "Let more people die in vain!"
Moore: "This is a hero's battle! You got the same food ration tickets as us, the same people you despise who are fighting, You got more than we did, even better! You don't have to do this at all, why are you complaining? Our leader and the German nation are protecting you!"
Sophie: "Or stay at the palace in Wittsbach. Or my family has been implicated?" More
: "Our soldiers are liberating Europe from plutocracy and Bolshevism, building a stronger and freer Germany, and avoiding being caught on their own soil again. Slavery, I tell you!"
Sophie: "When this war ends soon after, and Germany re-enters another unfamiliar country, the people there will point at us and say that we endured Hitler without resistance."
More: "What would you say when we won all the wars, and finally returned to Germany's happiness and freedom after bloodshed, just like you dreamed of in the Women's Youth League?"
Sophie: " Such beliefs will disappear in Hitler's Germany." More
: "What if what I said came true? Are you a Catholic?"
Sophie: "Yes!" More
: "The church also asks you to stand firm in your faith. , even if you are suspicious."
Sophie: "But in the church, everyone is willing. Hitler and the Nazis deprived people of other options." More
: "Why are you like this at such a young age? Thinking and willing to take risks?"
Sophie: "Because I have a conscience."
Moore: "I can't understand that with your talent and IQ you can't think and feel National Socialism: 'Freedom, Loyalty, Happiness', and Moral A responsible state is our ideology!"
Sophie: "Hasn't the horrific bloodshed by the Nazis all over Europe in the name of liberty and loyalty not opened your eyes? If Feng Shi removes his power and establishes a new Europe, then the name of Germany will always suffer disgrace." More
: "The new Europe can only be Nazi's."
Sophie: "When your chief is insane Is that right? You just have to think about racism! In Ulm, there used to be a Jewish teacher, before he was caught in the stormtroopers, everyone had to walk in front of him and obey orders to spit in his face Water, he disappeared that night, just like the thousands who disappeared in Munich in 1941. It is said that he was sent east to do voluntary labor." More
: "Do you believe such nonsense? They migrated themselves. "
Sophie: "The soldiers from the east all said they disappeared. Hitler wanted to destroy the Jews in the whole of Europe. He had this crazy idea 20 years ago. How can you believe that the Jews are different from us?" What about people?"
Moore: "This classification only brings misfortune to us, but you belong to the crazy young people who do not have more problems. Because of the wrong education, maybe we are also responsible. If it was me, I would educate girls like you in other ways. "
Sophie:" Do you believe I was shocked when I learned that the Nazis actually using poison gas and to eliminate child mentally ill, my mother's friends told me that those kids how to be nursing Home? The nurse put it into the van. The other kids asked, 'Where is the car going?' The nurse replied, 'The car was going to heaven.' Then the rest of the kids sang and got into the car. You think I got the wrong thing. Is education because of feeling these people?"
Moore: "It's a life without meaning. You've also studied nursing, and you must have encountered mental patients."
Sophie: "Yes, so I To be more certain, no one has the right to judge this, no matter what the situation, only God has that right. No one knows what the soul of a mentally ill person is like. No one knows what mystery and inner maturity develops in suffering. Anyone's life is precious."
Moore: "You have to adapt, because a new era has begun. What you say has nothing to do with reality."
Sophie: "Of course what I say has to do with reality. Morality and morality are related to God."
Moore stood up suddenly: "There is no God at all!" Then he walked to the window and pondered for a moment, "Do you think this will work? You just trust your brother very much and think that everything he does is all right. That's right, but you're just participating. Can't we just write the record like this?"
Sophie: "No, Mr. Moore, it's not true." More
: "Listen, I have a son. , a little younger than you, he sometimes has absurd thoughts in his mind, but now he goes to the front in the East. Because he realizes it is his responsibility."
Sophie: "Do you still believe in the final victory? , Mr. Moore?"
Moore: "Miss Scholl, once a man has thought through everything, he will no longer be fascinated by the way he does things. It's about your life! Here, I thought about the following for your record: 'After the conversation The opinion formed is that your actions in common with your brother are seen at this stage of the war as crimes against the state, especially against the hard-fought regiments on the front lines. The harshest sentence should be imposed.'?"
Sophie: "No, from My point of view is wrong."
Moore: "Having a mistake doesn't mean betraying your brother."
Sophie: "It's a good idea, but if I had to do it all over again, I would choose this. Because it's not me, you have Wrong view of the world. I still have the previous view, I do the best thing for my nation. I will not regret it, and I will bear all the consequences."
Moore was helpless, "The recorder came in and recorded the statement. Tell the leaders , we're done here."

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Extended Reading

Sophie Scholl: The Final Days quotes

  • Magdalena Scholl: Don't forget, Sophie. Jesus

    Sophie Magdalena Scholl: Yes, mother, but you neither.

  • Pfarrer Dr. Alt: [giving Sophie a last blessing] May God the Father bless you, who created you in His image. May God the Son bless you, whose suffering and death redeems you. May God the Holy Spirit bless you, who leads you to his temple and hallows you. May the Trinity judge you with mercy, and grant you eternal life. Amen.

    [the guard arrives for Sophie. Sophie stands up]

    Pfarrer Dr. Alt: No one loves more than one who dies for friends.