The main content of the film is: On April 6, 1994, a landline plane carrying Rwandan Hutu President Habyarimana and Burundi President was shot down by a rocket over Kigali, the capital of Rwanda, and the two heads of state were killed at the same time. On April 7th, the air crash in Rwanda immediately triggered mutual suspicion between the Hutu and Tutsi tribes, which led to an unprecedented armed conflict and tribal massacre, which started a human tragedy that shocked the world. ...The radio station controlled by Hutu racists also instigated the massacre. They clamored, "Let all the accumulations erupt...At such a moment, blood will roll out", out of control The crowd searched for and killed the Tutsi people under the call of the out of control media, and the air was full of blood.
When a country fell into madness and the world closed its eyes, there was a hotel manager named Paul Luce Sebergina (played by Don Cheadle) who opened his arms warmly. He runs a local family gathering. The Miller Collins Hotel, which is for European tourists and military politicians, uses all relationships to take care of the hotel guests. Paul is from the Hutu tribe, while his wife Tasana (Sophie O’Connido) is from the Tutsi tribe. For him, in the turbulent times, protect his Tutsi relatives and Friends have become the biggest mission and challenge in life. The inaction of the United Nations peacekeeping forces and the isolation from the world media made the Paul and his wife and the 1,268 local residents who took refuge in the hotel firmer their confidence and courage to live. Action." The situation became more and more serious. Within a hundred days, about 1 million people died unexpectedly. However, the Miller Collins Hotel has become an oasis of life in the bloodthirsty desert...
The whole film is straight to the point, and it's done in one go. There is no fancy editing skills, and some are just shocking in the simplicity-the truth. To what extent can one be kind? When everyone only asked for self-protection, the protagonist took in 1,268 refugees, risking his life every day to deal with warlords and politicians, but begged to save one more person. To what extent can evil be alone? Instigators of the genocide can openly say on the radio: The grave is not full! Call for the slaughter to continue. . . . . . Throughout this movie, in the constant horror of the climax, the audience always cares about the fate of the protagonist’s family and the many refugees who are with them. The film is very successful in this kind of director's skill that leads the audience. Created two big climaxes and several small climaxes. In the end, it was very natural to make the audience’s emotions extremely high. It can be said to be an old technique, but it was very successful. The impression was extremely deep. It was the first big climax in a foreign country. When the people were evacuated, the hopeful protagonist thought that UN was here to pick up the refugees, but he didn't expect that it was just to pick up foreigners and white people. The waiting for the refugees might be horrible. In the heavy rain, The protagonist watched the UN's caravan leave, thinking about the colonel's truth after drinking: You are black, African, not even nigger. At this time, suddenly a Red Cross car drove up. The car was full of orphans brought in from the orphanage. With sad eyes in the innocence, they looked at the UN caravan leaving with incomprehension, and at the same time. In this bloody world, at this time, children’s African folk songs sounded... This was about 2/5 when the film was in progress, right here, these shots, this soundtrack, my eye sockets were moist, and I also It is concluded that this film is very good, it is worth writing something for it!
A movie must have meaning to be made. How many masterpieces have been handed down in the history of movies that started from moving us? This film praised the humanitarians with the simplest language and the most realistic techniques. When the audience saw the familiar Red Cross van overturned on the side of the road, they must be heartbroken: What about that selfless and fearless volunteer? Was she also killed? Let the audience care about the characters in the film, so as to tell the audience the idea that the film wants to express from the characters, this method can only be done by the above film. Watching the protagonist in the movie deal with murderers, warlords, European countries, and UN, doing everything possible to keep the hotel and the only oasis of life in this bloody wind, I can't help but think of the same kindness. , The selfless man, the one who also protected the disadvantaged in the crazy age: Schindler. But the protagonist is more difficult than Schindler, because he has no status, he only has some bribes, and he is equally likely to be killed every day.
Writing this article, I feel that I’m sorry if I don’t write anything about such a good movie. I saw it, and sure enough, [IMDB rating] 8.5/10 (4,680 votes) top 250: #126 is one of the best 250 movies in history One,
it should be higher, it should be higher.
BTW: Jean Renault also came to guest...
Background information:
1. Rwanda massacre: April 6, 1994, a plane carrying Rwandan Hutu presidents Habyarimana and Burundi presidents in Rwanda The rocket over the capital Kigali was shot down, and the two heads of state were killed at the same time. On April 6, 1994, the Presidential Guard composed of Hutu soldiers killed the Rwandan female prime minister and three ministers. After that, a genocide broke out across the country, killing 1 million people, a rare massacre in human history.
2. The fuse of the incident: On April 6, 1994, the land plane of the President of Rwanda and the President of Burundi was shot down by a rocket over Kigali, the capital of Rwanda, and the two heads of state were killed at the same time. On April 7, the air crash in Rwanda immediately triggered mutual suspicion between the Hutu and Tutsi tribes, which led to an unprecedented armed conflict and tribal massacre: there were about 1 million people within a hundred days. More than 2 million refugees died of unfaithfulness, more than 2 million refugees fled abroad, and more than 2 million people were displaced, causing a human tragedy that shocked the world.
3. Deep-seated reasons: The reasons for the civil war and tribal massacre in Rwanda are very complicated. The tribal conflicts in Rwanda have a long history. Historically, Western colonialists exercised "indirect rule" and "divide and rule" on Rwanda: first the Tutsi, who accounted for 14% of the population, ruled the Hutu, who accounted for 85% of the population, and then used the Hutu to oppose the Tutsi merger. The rule of the Tutsi led to 4 large-scale tribal clashes in 1959, 1963, 1967, and 1973. Batch after batch of Tutsi were forced to flee to neighboring countries. As of October 1990, there were as many as 500,000 refugees in exile, most of whom were Tutsi, turning the two tribes that had previously lived in harmony against each other. This civil war is the result of the long-term accumulation of tribal conflicts in Rwanda.
On the other hand, the vendetta among the Rwandan tribes was also a war for land. The population of Rwanda was only 3 million at the time of independence, and it had increased to 8 million by the eve of the civil war, while the land area was only 26,000 square kilometers. As the most densely populated country in Africa, many farmers in Rwanda have no land to grow and find it difficult to earn a living. In this situation, refugees in exile have to return to their country, while domestic residents are opposed to fear of endangering their own survival, which has also led to the intensification of social conflicts.
4. Major United Nations blunder: The Rwanda massacre left a profound lesson and aroused serious reflections on issues such as the role of the Security Council, the effectiveness of UN peacekeeping operations, and the responsibility of the international community in preventing such massacres. Long before the tragedy happened, someone submitted a report to the United Nations about possible tribal massacres in Rwanda, but it failed to attract enough attention. After the incident, the United Nations had negotiated with more than 10 countries about sending troops to Rwanda, but it was also unsuccessful, thus losing the opportunity to prevent problems before they happened.
5. Rwanda: Located in central Africa and known as the "country of a thousand hills", Rwanda is a backward agricultural country. In 1992, it was listed by the United Nations as one of the 47 least developed countries in the world. The civil war and genocide in 1994 brought huge disasters to Rwanda, which made this originally impoverished country worse, lost a large number of labors, and the country’s economy was on the brink of collapse. The massacre also caused great changes in the country’s demographic structure. Children under the age of 14 accounted for about 40% of the total population. Many women became widows. There are still a large number of Hutu extremists who fled neighboring countries infiltrated. Neighboring countries have a negative impact on the stability of these countries.
Today Rwanda has become a peaceful country again. In order to prevent the tragedy from recurring, Rwanda plans to hold various commemorative activities this month to reflect on the past and warn the future. Fortunately, the African Union decided to set up a "Peace and Security Council" preventive mechanism to use force to intervene in the event of armed coups and trampling on democracy among member states, and to dispatch peacekeeping operations in a timely manner when there are wars among member states. force. The Rwandan people have reason to believe that, thanks to the joint efforts of African countries and the international community, the tragedy of the Holocaust that was unbearable in the past will be history forever.
6. Annan acknowledged the failure of the United Nations in the 1994 Rwanda Genocide and called for lessons from the past.
On the 10th anniversary of the Rwanda Genocide, the leaders of many countries and international organizations acknowledged that failing to stop the genocide is the whole world. The shame of society. At the international conference held in Stockholm in January this year, many leaders expressed their determination to prevent the tragedy from happening again. Realizing this determination requires not only to demonstrate firm political will, but also to develop corresponding countermeasures. Listed as follows:
Lesson 1: Strangle the genocide in its infancy
The Rwandan genocide seemed to erupt overnight, but in fact it has been brewing for decades. For more than 20 years, the Habyarimana government has always implemented a policy of racial discrimination against the Tutsi. In the three years before 1994, government officials, military, police, and political parties instigated and directed 16 massacres of the Tutsi tribe, each time thousands of unarmed civilians were killed. The government continues to set fires and encourages supporters to violently attack Tutsi and opposition parties. The international community has only occasionally expressed concern and has never exerted effective pressure. Even if the massacre of thousands of people occurred, it was at best short-lived criticism.
Lesson 2: Act quickly and effectively to counter the murder attempt.
Many Rwandans, diplomats in Rwanda, and UN officials know that the Rwandan government is recruiting and training militias, but even if someone tells the UN peacekeepers, the militias mean killing Tutsi. The civilians also did not receive a positive response, and did not conduct any effective intervention to prevent militia activities. The distribution of weapons to civilians is also widely known, and it has similarly failed to elicit an effective international response.
Lesson 3 Pay close attention to media trends
in crisis areas. In the three years before the massacre, many newspapers regarded Tutsi as enemies of the country, vigorously flogged them, and incited the fear and hatred of the Hutu people. A private radio station supported by many dignitaries of the party, government and military, carried the same message with a deeper malicious propaganda nine months before the massacre, and even publicly announced the list of people to be eliminated, including the prime minister. The effect is also more significant. International observers are deeply disturbed by the use of the media to spread hatred, but no one intervenes, prevents the media from spreading hatred or promotes tolerance.
Lesson 4 Beware of the spread of negative role models in the surrounding areas
From 1993 to the end of 1994, tens of thousands of Hutu and Tutsi people were killed in Burundi, a neighboring country of Rwanda, a country with a population structure similar to that of Rwanda. These massacres were used insidiously by Rwandan agitators and aggravated domestic tensions. The failure of the international community to respond effectively has encouraged Holocaust planners to imitate Burundi’s precedent, often citing Burundi’s example to encourage slaughter operations.
The remaining lessons use all effective means including armed intervention
For countries that are at risk of genocide, an accurate intelligence system should be established to keep abreast of everything that happened in that country. The government that launched the genocide should be strongly condemned in moral terms to demonstrate the political will and determination of the international community; in action, all international aid should be cancelled, an arms embargo should be imposed, and it should be prepared in advance when the situation worsens. Intervention by force. Forcing countries that support the genocide government to change their policy stance, the Rwanda genocide was supported by France and some African countries, which greatly weakened the pressure of international condemnation on it.
7. The end: The United Nations "Rwanda War Crimes Criminal Court" in Arusha, Tanzania, tried three defendants who used the media to incite violence in the Rwanda massacre in 1994. This is the first time the international community has determined that the use of the media to "incitate racial vendetta" should be unavoidable.
The two men sentenced to life imprisonment are Nasimana, a former Rwandan government press official and the head of Rwanda’s "Qianqiu Radio and Television" RTLM, and newspaper editor-in-chief Naze. The man sentenced to 35 years in prison was Barayavisa, the former senior adviser of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Rwanda and the main founder of RTLM radio station. All three were charged with "holocaust, planning to carry out the massacre, political incitement, and direct participation in the massacre."
53-year-old Nasimana was originally a professor of history at the university. In December 1990, after the civil war broke out between the Tutsi refugee organization "Rwanda Patriotic Front" and the Hutu government forces of Rwanda in exile in Uganda, Nasimana was appointed as the head of the official news media, and then participated in private RTLM broadcasting in 1993. The establishment of a television company. He also served as an adviser to the president during the Rwanda massacre. On August 4, 1993, the "Rwanda Patriotic Front" and the Rwandan government signed a peace agreement in Arusha, Tanzania and ended the civil war. However, RTLM radio continued to slander the peace agreement and attacked the United Nations and the Belgian Blue Helmets. After the death of Hutu President Habyarimana in an air crash on April 6, 1994, RTLM radio began broadcasting programs inciting the massacre of Tutsi. Judicial investigation proved that Nasimana was primarily responsible for all this. The prosecution described him as "a theoretician of genocide" and RTLM radio as "the staff of the Holocaust."
Not many households in Rwanda have TV sets. Radio is the main source of information for people. The influence of broadcasting can be imagined. During the 100-day massacre, the radio called every day to find and kill Tutsi and moderate Hutu people. The Holocaust killed more than a million people. Rwandans call the station "Machete Radio".
Another 42-year-old Nazer, sentenced to life imprisonment, is the editor-in-chief of an extremist publication. The magazine is famous for its publication of "The Ten Commandments of Hutu". It refers to the ethnic minority Tutsi as "oppressors" and "cockroaches" that "attempt to exterminate the Hutu." The latter, along with more than a dozen Belgian Blue Helmet soldiers who protected his safety, was slaughtered. He was accused of using the publication to "incitate hatred and mass murder."
Sa is now 53 years old. Like Naze, he is also a member of the Hutu extremist party. He and the aforementioned two persons were both arrested in Cameroon around 1996. Balayavisa has always called himself a "political prisoner", and was persecuted by the current Tutsi and refused to appear in court. He was also sentenced in absentia to life imprisonment, which was later reduced to 35 years in prison.
In June 2000, the Belgian journalist George Ruggiu was sentenced to 12 years in prison by the International Criminal Tribunal for War Crimes in Rwanda for “inciting the Holocaust and crimes against humanity”. He was sentenced lightly because he admitted to the charges and expressed remorse. ". Regarding the verdict, Justice Bubaka of the "International Criminal Tribunal for War Crimes in Rwanda" pointed out that it "created an international precedent that those who use the media to instigate racial vendetta will definitely face a just trial."
People noted, At present, in some African countries, some media are inciting racial hatred or publishing articles hostile to foreign journalists. Public opinion here believes that this trial has certain warning significance. It calls on journalists to remain objective as much as possible, maintain justice, be cautious with their tools, and abide by professional standards and codes of conduct.
8. The end of the characters in the film: The generals and militia leaders in the film are real characters. They are explained at the end of the film, tried and sentenced...
9. Clinton: Responsibility is inevitable!
According to a British media report on March 31, the recently declassified U.S. government secret document revealed a shocking secret that had been in the dust for 10 years: The Clinton administration was well aware of the tragedy of genocide in Rwanda, but for its national interest, it has been keeping up with the news. Seal the lock tightly.
Well aware of the inside story on
government documents declassified show that, at the time of the Holocaust is just beginning, the US intelligence agencies to provide a report to President Clinton, discusses in detail the Rwandan Hutu hope Tutsi genocide policy. The CIA’s "Daily Intelligence Briefing" is an intelligence report provided to President Clinton and several other senior government officials. It mentions the massacre in Rwanda almost every day.
Decided not to intervene
for the sake of self-interest For the self-interest of the United States, Clinton decided to take an inaction in this matter, pretending not to know the seriousness of the problem.
Clinton believes that Rwanda, a small country in Africa, has a remote location and has no strategic value, and the United States has no interests in Rwanda to protect. Furthermore, the fiasco of the U.S. military in Somalia has left the U.S. government with lingering fears, and they never dared to send U.S. soldiers. Go on an adventure in the fierce battlefield of Rwanda.
As a result, U.S. government officials never mention the term "genocide" in public, and at the same time strictly controlled news media reports.
False apology
It is reported that after the three-month-long genocide ended, the news of 800,000 deaths shocked the international community, and the United States also criticized the Clinton administration’s policy of inaction. As a result, President Clinton publicly apologized for the incident, claiming that the US government had not received enough intelligence, had no knowledge of what happened in Rwanda, and had no idea that the incident would deteriorate soon.
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