in January or February each year, the US president will deliver a speech on Capitol Hill in accordance with the Constitution. This speech is a summary of the previous year and an outlook for the new year. This speech will contain the governance policies and important issues of the White House and the ruling party in the new year. Similar to my country's Third Plenary Session, it is only less important. All the State of the Union addresses in each presidential term are extremely important because: the first time: the new president takes office, the official policy of governance; the second: the Congressional midterm election year; the third: the new Congress takes office; the fourth: the Congress General elections and presidential elections (new or re-elected). So the annual State of the Union address is very important. Every word needs to be revised carefully, and no error signal should be sent. What is interesting is that the constitution does not stipulate how the president meets this requirement. The White House has said: Even if the President distributes a newspaper to every member of Congress, he still conforms to the constitution. Each State of the Union address was invited by Congress. The attendees included members of the Senate and House of Representatives, judges of the Supreme Court, members of the Joint Chiefs of Staff (similar to the Military Commission), members of the Cabinet, ambassadors of various countries, and important figures from all walks of life. (You won't see all the cabinet members, please see the linked posts for the reasons). This is also an opportunity to present awards to outstanding individuals from all walks of life. The opposition parties will publish their own reflections after the end of the State of the Union address, and members of the ruling party will explain some of the contents of the State of the Union address.
2. White House chief of staff
this linda post in this drama was played down. In reality, this position can be counted as the second most powerful in the administrative department. The person in this position must be absolutely trusted by the president (the relationship between frank and doug). Although it is not an elected or confirmed position, the chief of staff can participate in almost any important meeting that the president can attend (there is a chief of staff in the National Security Council). Secondly, the chief of staff is definitely an experienced person, because he is not only responsible for the operation of the White House, but also for communicating with Congress, the State Department, the Pentagon and the heads of countries, so this candidate must be proficient in everything. Because of this, every president's chief of staff has not worked for a full term, and it is too tiring.
3 Tea party, blue dog and rino
The play only mentions the tea party. The Tea Party has two meanings. The first is the abbreviation of Taxed Enough Already (sufficient tax has been paid), and the second it points to the Boston Tea Party (a protest against the British tea tax before the founding of the United States). It is the prelude to the independence of the United States). The main concept of the Tea Party is to drastically cut government expenditures, deficits and taxes, so as to achieve the goals of small government, economic freedom and civil liberties. Approximately one-third to two-fifths of the members of the Republican Party are members of the Tea Party, and they had an incomparable influence during the government shutdown a few months ago. The government's huge rescue plan after 2008 and the increasing debt are the main reasons why more and more people in the United States agree with the concept of the Tea Party. They are also the cause of the gradual disappearance of rino and blue dog. Rino and blue dog refer to the more moderate people in the two parties. Rino is the more left-handed Republican Party (republican in name only, "republican in name only", abbreviated as rhino rhino), blue dog is the conservative faction of the Democratic Party.
4 Executive
Orders Executive orders are one of the three laws of the United States (Congress and Parliament’s ordinances, court case law, judges’ interpretation of a law can and must be followed by subsequent judges, and executive orders). Similar to some regulations promulgated by our State Council. It is some administrative guidelines issued by the president (federal) and governors (state level). It can be declared invalid by Congress and courts, or withdrawn by the president, which means that it is the more flexible of the three laws.
The President in the White House issued an executive order: prohibiting the assassination of foreign officials and important persons. When the Pentagon and the CIA were about to assassinate a foreign minister, the president withdrew this executive order.
5 The power of the vice president
The vice president has only two apparent rights: to take over as president when the president fails to become president, and the president of the Senate. The President of the Senate cannot be compared with the power of the President of the House of Representatives. The president of the Senate can only perform procedures, such as roll call and notification, but cannot decide the agenda. The only right is to break the balance. When the Senate vote is tied (because the number of senators is even, it can appear probabilistically), the vice president has the right to vote to pass or reject the resolution (so the simple majority of the Senate is 50+1, not 51). The nominal leader of the senator is the speaker interim. But because the speaker may be of the opposition, the interim speaker has no real power, except for being the heir to the third president. Generally speaking, senior members of the majority party take turns to serve, and sometimes there will be a temporary speaker: the temporary speaker finds a replacement for his less-qualified Senate. The real power leader of the Senate is the majority leader.
6 NEA and labor union
NEA, the National Education Association, is the largest union of public teachers in the United States, and it is also the largest union in the United States. It has more than 500 personnel and a budget of approximately US$300 million. It often fights for more rights for teachers in Congress and opposes the privatization of education and teacher grading standards. It is an influential trade union within the Democratic Party. Trade unions have great rights in North America. One of them is collective bargaining, the right to collective bargaining. This right allows union members to collectively negotiate work benefits with employers: salary, safety, working hours, training, participation in company resolutions, etc., rather than individual negotiation. After a century of development, labor unions have become a force that cannot be ignored in American politics. General trade unions tend to favor the Democratic Party, and some regional trade unions have a great influence on the presidential election. American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations (American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations, AFL-CIO), the nation’s largest union organization (it is not a union itself, but a union of some unions) donated in the 2012 presidential election Most of the 22 million U.S. dollars went to the Democratic Party.
7 American conservatives
Most conservatives in the United States are members of the Republican Party. They are divided into social conservative and corporate conservative. Social conservative: This force is dominated by churches and traditional forces. Those who hold the position of social conservatives have the following views: pro-life (respect for life, oppose abortion), oppose same-sex marriage, oppose high school sex education, oppose contraceptive use, oppose premarital sex, oppose legalization of marijuana, and so on. Social conservative lawmakers often propose bills that reflect the above concepts, such as the protection of marriage laws (the federal does not recognize same-sex marriages in some states) and marriage allowances (tax reductions for couples who have one of the housewives). Economic conservative: this power Most of them are businessmen and economists. Their position is to cut taxes, reduce market intervention, reduce deficits and liabilities, reduce the size of the government, and reduce unnecessary laws. The most famous of these is the Tea Party. Economic conservatives and social conservatives sometimes have conflicts: economic conservatives advocate reducing government intervention in individuals and families, while social conservatives advocate legislating to promote the traditional spirit. One of the most famous economic conservatives: Ron Paul advocates the legalization of drug use because he believes that the government does not have the right to intervene in individual behavior.
8 Sergeant at Arms, Capitol Police, and secret service
Sergeant at arms, the security officer, are two policemen who maintain order in the Senate and the House of Representatives. They can arrest members who violate the law of members under the order of the House. The two are also responsible for safety and tourist sightseeing matters. Capitol Police is the police on Capitol Hill, responsible for all law enforcement needs on Capitol Hill, and is under the administration of Congress. They also need to provide protection to members of Congress. Secret Service, the Secret Service, has two powers. One: Protect the current and former main leaders of the executive branch, candidates for president and vice president, and foreign visitors. Two: Responsible for counterfeit money, counterfeit money and other counterfeit financial currencies and major financial crimes. If you think the two things don't match too much, then you are right. The Secret Service was established after the American Civil War, mainly to investigate the serious problem of counterfeit currency (one-third of the banknotes in the case were counterfeit). Guess it was established by the president? Just think of its other authority: Lincoln, the first American president to be assassinated. But the Secret Service only began to provide protection after President McKinley was assassinated in 1901. Whether it is the police in Congress or the Secret Service, the guards they provide cannot be used as witnesses for politicians to go to court (whether to prove guilt or innocence), and some physical evidence in the protection process cannot be used in court.
9 Primary selection is
at your request. The primary election is the nomination of candidates nominated by each party before the general election. That's the 2008 Ochy showdown. Primary is not limited to presidential candidates, but also applies to nominations for senators, congressmen, governors, etc. Presidential primaries: different from the general election process. The Democratic and Communist Party’s primary election procedures are similar. They both run for each state rather than all states. Only voters registered with the party can elect candidates for the party. Such elections place great importance on the initial states, especially Iowa and New Hampshire. In the primaries, Momentum, momentum is important. If a candidate wins many representatives in succession, even if he has not won more than half, it will make other candidates abandon the election. The 2008 Oshy matchup was because Obama's advantage was too small. It was not until June that he established an absolute advantage and made Hillary Clinton abandon the election. (Obama won 29 states plus dc and some overseas votes, Hillary won 21 states plus other overseas votes) Re-elected president: The nomination of re-elected president is generally not really challenged. If a party really needs to replace a re-elected president, the re-elected president will not run for election (Truman).
10 Congressional elections The election
of members of the House of Representatives is based on electoral districts with approximately the same population. There are many things that can affect the election of the House of Representatives, the division of electoral districts, the establishment and change of electoral laws, and so on. Why can the majority party generally be maintained for several terms? It is because the majority party can change the division of electoral districts in the House of Representatives to make its own party more competitive. Of course, this division cannot be changed too much. Senate elections are more difficult to influence, because the senator’s district is two senators from each state (regardless of the population). Election laws are generally enacted by state legislatures. In the 2012 general election, the states with a majority of Republicans enacted some stricter identification laws (many Democratic voters have no fixed addresses, identification certificates, etc.). The easiest way to kill an influential MP (like Frank) is to defeat him in his district. In 2008, the minority leader of the Republican Senate was almost defeated in the election.
11
Someone from the Committee on Ways and Means Fundraising Committee and the Committee on Appropriations Budget Committee sent me a message, hoping to explain these two. Simply put, one of these two committees makes money for the government and the other spends money for the government, so Ways and Means and Appropriations are the most important committees in the U.S. House of Representatives. The influence of the chairmen of these two committees in the majority party is generally only under the chairman, party leader and party whip. Ways and Means is responsible for taxation, customs, social security, public medical care, childcare and other benefits. Because the U.S. Constitution stipulates that tax laws must begin in the House of Representatives, and all bills are passed by the committee for the first time, the rights of Ways and Means have become very large. The greatest right of Appropriations is to help parliamentarians. Some councillors need to create jobs in electoral districts, and he needs a government appropriation bill, which is managed by Appropriations.
12 Soft Money and hard money
In the United States, there are two types of political contributions to politicians (not to pac): hard money directly to the politician and soft money to his party.
The United States law is very strict on the management of hard money, not only recording, checking, but also the maximum limit for each person to donate. So politicians are very cautious about the source and use of hard money. In contrast, there is only one restriction on the use of Soft money: no text content that directly promotes politicians (there is a joke, politicians cannot use soft money to send flyers with their own names, but it can be replaced with the politician’s avatar. .) The source of soft money is also very lenient. In addition to no upper limit, the law enforcers are also very lenient about the source of money. (Another joke, as long as politicians use soft money legally, it will be fine if the soft money is grabbed by others).
13 The order of succession of the President.
This constitutional clause was established by the 25th constitutional amendment in 1945. The current sequence of the President’s succession is:
US Vice President and Speaker of the Senate, Speaker of the
US House of Representatives, Speaker of the House of
Representatives,
US Secretary of State,
US Secretary of Treasury,
US Secretary of Defense,
US Attorney,
US Secretary of the Interior,
US Secretary of Agriculture,
US Secretary of Commerce,
US Secretary of Labor,
US Health and Human Services Minister of
the United States housing and urban development Secretary
US Transportation Secretary
US Secretary of energy
US Secretary of Education
Minister of veterans Affairs
US Department of Homeland security
This inheritance right only works if the president resigns, is removed, or dies. The candidates on this list must be citizens born in the United States. Ministers who are immigrants or citizens born outside the United States have no inheritance rights. When the president is missing, unconscious, or under other circumstances, this inheritance right is invalid. When Reagan was assassinated and needed anesthesia for surgery, the US government was in chaos because there was no heir to the president. Generally, the president will sign a letter to hand over the president's power to the vice president when he wants to undergo surgical anesthesia or when he needs to give up his rights (the daughter of the president in the White House was kidnapped by terrorists). Of course, this is not resignation, because the president can sign another letter to Congress to re-enforce his rights. Bush Jr. does it about once a year for medical examinations (it seems that there is an examination that requires anesthesia). When the president is unable to exercise the presidential powers for these reasons and fails to sign, Congress can impeach (this play) or vote to terminate the exercise of powers by the current president by a majority of cabinet ministers including the vice president (the latter has never been used in reality. Used once in the second season of US TV 24).
View more about House of Cards reviews
