1. I know Unamuno because of the tragic consciousness of life in his book (del sentimiento trágico de la vida, 1912), and the scene mentioned and analyzed in Fromm’s book on "Long live the death". A stand-up speech surrounded by the slogans of the triple psychological failure syndrome of worship, sadism, and necrophilia—just ask, how many people in the world can speak the truth vividly, and bring them together under the threat of death from the barrel of a gun. With inspiration, respect and love for life (note: some people speak under the threat of death because he just wants to die-he has the courage to die, but not the courage to live, lack the courage to live), his speech It is the eternal light in the dark age of mankind. He is righteous and righteous. Everyone else fears that he will pay the price of his life. But what he said, asking for benevolence and benevolence, and then under house arrest is a tragedy in Spanish society and history, but it is a comedy of the fulfillment of his personal life, this fulfillment. The comedy is that he made himself (the movie used several dreams to make him ask himself who he was), and he lived out himself vividly (and this self is not only the achievement of the individual, but also the achievement of the greater self; not only Personal, historical and spiritual), please refer to the following Xin Yiyun The Analects of Analects, Volume 147, "Returning to the Confession! Repeated emptiness", excerpt:
Yan Hui's life style is close to his own temperament, to develop his own life and create his own destiny, so there is no regret. Yan Hui is recognized as having such a high level of wisdom, but living such a poor life. In the West, he would think this is a tragedy, but in China? He is not considered a tragedy, because there is no last resort or persecution, everything is the best choice in his own life, which is what Confucius said. Boyi and Shuqi chose to live in seclusion at the time and refused They accepted the rewards and fiefs of the Western Zhou Dynasty because they questioned-is it really a possible act of peace to resolve wars by war? They think from the highest philosophy of life, so they don't approve of Zhou Wu's deeds, so they say that they can't just because Zhou Wu succeeded, so they don't talk about this issue, accept the reward and live on. In the end, because he did not accept these rewards, he lived in seclusion in the mountains, picked wild vegetables and ate them, and then slowly died of malnutrition. Someone asked Confucius, "Are there any regrets? Is this a tragedy?" Confucius said no. why? This is the result of their own choice based on their own temperament and their own philosophical principles and principles of life. They have assumed this result. This is called seeking benevolence and gaining benevolence. What regrets is there, what regrets? ?
2. The War Is Not Over (Mientras dure la guerra, 2019) Although it is a story a century ago, it is also a story now. It is just that the ugliness of modern countries and societies have been deformed and whitewashed, and it is difficult for the public to easily recognize them (such as the United States The way of colonialism in other countries' governments)-lofty ideals are "transformed and desired" in the artificial end of life, and have become various political systems and doctrines in the world, and Unamuno has stepped forward to pierce the window like this The model of paper is in the past. Looking at the world today, under the trend of anti-eliteness and flattening, not only the government, but even the people are not allowed to have such a spiritual leader.
3. The title "War Is Not Over", or "The war is still going on", refers to more than just a transitional regime-from monarchy, republic to dictatorship, and today's democracy will not be the last or the most ideal in the world. The political system (this point is universal, and modern Chinese history is not outside); in addition, the title refers to the life of Unamuno, and he still does not give up the ideals of the human group and the pursuit of happiness in his elders. , Hugh until the dead. Unamuno is not as contradictory, conflicting, swaying, and chaotic as the critics said. If you have read his works, you will know that his life is dominated by the big theme of love and reason. We say that Confucius is the "Holy Time" and Unamuno is also the "Time"; Unamuno is still Unamuno, and what changes is the current situation-he was born in the age of monarchy and rebelled against the monarchy, not because The republican government gave him a tenured teaching position and completely compromised with it. Even if the uprising was funded, his support could be withdrawn. The Unamuno people can still "reserve" and renew themselves in old age, unlike some people. Holding on to and possessing past names, ideas, opinions, experiences, status, prestige, or glorious memories, they refuse to adapt to the times. Here you can pay attention to the layout of the plot of a movie. When the wife of the mayor of Salamanga came to ask for help, Unamuno said that all that could be provided was financial assistance; a few months later, the wife of the current mayor came to ask for financial assistance. Unamuno can't come up with the money-is this because Unamuno is not trustworthy? Is the preface wrong? Was it that he used to imaginary the story but was unable to fulfill it later? Is this a scene he played to delay the referral? Is not it! It's because the current situation is changing rapidly.
4. We have some accusations against intellectuals, because scholars are different from ordinary people after all, and they have a long way to go; however, our understanding and gratitude to all intellectuals who work hard seems to be far less than our accusations. Before dawn (Vor der Morgenröte–Stefan Zweig in Amerika, 2016), Chu Weig was busy writing letters all day to rescue his friends from the Nazis. In the film before the war, Unamuno was busy making The dictator releases the liquidated. In fact, these tasks are excessive demands on Chuweig or Unamuno. They can save one person, that is one life, and saving one life is better than building a seventh-level Buddha; but their performance in literature, philosophy, history, culture and civilization is more important to mankind and later generations-this is Gu Yanwu’s "Subjugation of the country and A ridicule of the death of the world." Therefore, the criticism of Unamuno should be objective, without groundless accusations, because he is not in power or executioner.
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