He stood at an altitude of 25,000 feet and jumped down 106 times.
Tom Cruise is a desperate actor.
Standing at an altitude of 25,000 feet, I jumped down 106 times.
Some actors laughed. What age is this? Is the Hollywood special effects not realistic enough, or the green screen background is not deceptive enough?
There is no need to find a literary, nor a military, for fear that the wata is lost in the brain!
Generally speaking, the skydiving scene in the movie is only a few seconds, and in [Mission Impossible 6] it is only 2 minutes. Actors don't need to work hard for such a short shot.
Not to mention the actors, the professional stunt skydivers who stand in for are also performing their lives all the time.
In 2013, Mark Sutton , a parachutist who played 007 at the opening ceremony of the 2012 London Olympics , encountered strong winds while parachuting in the Alps and fell straight to his death.
No one knows what will happen in the air at a height of one thousand meters. Every fall is a life-hanging adventure.
And Tom Cruise bet his life 106 times.
There are rumors that the birth of parachuting originated from the escape of a prisoner.
In 1628, prisoner LaVine was in a prison in Italy, like Andy in [Shawshank's Salvation] , always thinking about how to escape.
But he didn't have the perfect plan of Andy, and he always designed only one escape route for himself: over the wall.
The prison wall is several feet high (now the prison wall is 5.5 meters high for men and 4.5 meters for women). Jumping off the wall is either dead or injured.
One day when his relatives and friends visited him, they brought him an umbrella, so that he had an idea, and he turned down the prison wall under the umbrella, unscathed.
In fact, as early as in Sima Qian's "Historical Records" , there are also legends similar to the safe landing of an umbrella. In the Ming Dynasty, parachuting acrobatics also appeared.
But from a practical point of view, the cases of LaVine and "Historical Records" are more similar to legends or fluke accidents, because ordinary umbrellas simply cannot afford to save lives.
Some experts have analyzed:
The 60 kg dummy fell from the 12-meter-high test bench. The super-large sun umbrella had the best slowing effect, indicating that the large umbrella surface can indeed slow down the falling speed, but it cannot be used as a life-saving umbrella. The real parachute surface is more than ten times that of the test parasol, which can generate sufficient air resistance.
In other words, a normal person jumps from a height with an umbrella, and is half disabled even if he is not dead, and cannot take care of himself for the rest of his life.
So there is evidence to test that the first person to jump from a high altitude and land safely is Gallerin in France .
In 1797, Gallerin cut the ropes of the hot air balloon at 100 heights in Paris and landed steadily in the panic of the people.
At the same time, it also opened up an adventurous sport close to death for mankind.
According to statistics, in the United States in the 1970s, an average of 42.5 people died from parachuting every year, and in the 1980s it dropped to 34.1...
In recent years, with the maturity of parachuting equipment and technology, this number has dropped to 22.4, but this does not mean 100% safety.
In addition to death, there is the bad news of tens of millions of skydiving enthusiasts seriously injured.
The rich white man in [Unreachable] is one of them. He was paralyzed in a skydiving accident and was unable to move from the neck down.
However, none of them stopped challenging the high altitude because of fear of death and injury. At the end of the film [Unreachable], Philly in a wheelchair also took Desis and jumped again.
This point is the same as Radvin a hundred years ago, life and death are left to life, in order to get the sense of freedom and the satisfaction of challenging the limit.
Therefore, parachuting has been a sport of fighting death from the very beginning, and God promises that you will never die when you are born.
If speaking of skydiving in general, Tom Cruise is not the only actor who has received skydiving training and completed this project.
In 2015, South Korean actress Jung In- Ah trained for skydiving for the upcoming film. During the sudden change in weather, she died.
But what she received was ordinary skydiving training with a height between 700m-3000m .
Among the types of skydiving, there is also a high -altitude skydiving above 7000m , which is divided into HALO (High Altitude Low Opening) and HAHO (High Altitude High Opening).
Tom Cruise was the first actor to complete HALO skydiving in front of the camera.
HALO is high jump and low open, HAHO is high jump and high open. The difference between the two lies in the height of the parachute.
HALO requires skydivers to open the parachute at a low altitude as low as 3000 feet according to the situation, and HAHO opens the parachute 10-15 seconds (about 27,000 feet) after jumping from the aircraft.
The parachute height is different, so compared to HALO, HAHO's parachute height is higher, even allowing more than 200,000 feet.
But for skydiving, jumping higher does not mean more dangerous, but the timing of the parachute is more thrilling.
It is like a game of measurement, no more or no less.
Opening the parachute too early at high altitude may encounter turbulence leading to insufficient deceleration, floating in the air, unable to find the landing point, or due to insufficient air momentum, the parachute cannot be opened, and it may be twisted with the body or the aircraft. Together.
Open the parachute too late , open the parachute below the safe height, and the cushion formed by the air resistance is not enough, it is no different from jumping from a building with a parachute, and it will not fall or become disabled.
Although modern skydiving equipment will be equipped with an altimeter, the error of a few seconds is enough to be a hundred meters away, causing death.
Therefore, among the many types of skydiving, the HALO that Tom Cruise chose to challenge is the most difficult and dangerous skydiving technique in the world.
So why did he choose HALO skydiving? What is the significance of this kind of skydiving?
The HALO parachuting technology appeared in the 1960s. It originated from the study of the survival experiment of high-altitude pilots by the US military.
The Vietnam War in 1955 was HALO's first show. At that time, a six-member American special team landed in Laos from a 18,000-foot (5,500-meter) plane.
The parachute jumping technique of high jump and low jump, on the one hand, speeds up the paratrooper's descent speed to reach the battlefield in the shortest time; on the other hand, it reduces the noise of parachuting and comes to the enemy silently.
Especially in areas where the enemy has anti-aircraft guns, this technology can minimize the risk of skydivers being exposed to anti-aircraft guns.
So HALO is widely used in military warfare. During the 2003 Iraq War, the US military used it to bypass the enemy's early warning system. In 2009 and 2012, it was used to rescue hostages taken by Somali pirates.
For Tom Cruise, to play an agent in the [Mission: Impossible] series is to accept the challenge of an agent's profession.
He can do free-hand rock climbing, scuba diving, flying airplanes... so naturally he also jumps HALO.
Otherwise discovered by the enemy, [Mission Impossible 6] is the end of this series.
To capture the HALO shots of [Mission Impossible 6], Tom Cruise stood at an altitude of 25,000 feet (more than 7,000 meters) and jumped down 106 times.
He needs to inhale pure oxygen for 30-45 minutes before jumping out of the aircraft cabin, and he must continue to inhale oxygen with an oxygen cylinder during the entire parachuting process to prevent the special risk of HALO parachuting: decompression sickness .
The definition of decompression sickness is:
Due to improper decompression after high-pressure environment work, the originally dissolved gas in the body exceeds the supersaturation limit, and the systemic disease caused by the formation of bubbles in the blood vessels and tissues.
Atmospheric oxygen above 7000m is thin, not enough for humans to breathe. At the same time, the expansion of nitrogen in the lungs can easily cause decompression sickness in the process of jumping down. On the one hand, the lungs are uncomfortable, and on the other hand, they may suffer from arthritis.
Only by constantly inhaling pure oxygen to flush nitrogen can the occurrence of high-altitude decompression sickness be effectively avoided.
Therefore, in the process of HALO skydiving, if a breath of oxygen is not good enough, Tom Cruise will lose consciousness due to lack of oxygen and cannot open the umbrella, or the nitrogen will cause a sudden decompression sickness.
No matter what happens, it is a threat to his life.
Compared with professional skydivers, the more difficult thing is that the filming of a movie lens is not just a jump, but a jump out of the effect. For this reason, his life was continuously threatened 106 times.
Tom Cruise must remember when to open his umbrella during the 200-mile-per-hour descent, and avoid entanglement and collision with the photography team.
The important thing is to land exactly 3 feet away from the camera , otherwise this time the skydiving will lose the meaning of shooting.
The crew can light the scene within a certain range indoors or outdoors, but there is no way to light the entire 7,000-meter high altitude, so he can only jump at sunset.
The natural light that meets the shooting requirements only appears for 3 minutes a day, which is only enough for one shot.
So [Mission Impossible 6] built the world's largest wind turbine for them to rehearse 5 times a day in advance. At the same time, a C17 transport plane was prepared, and Tom Cruise had to practice jumping three times before shooting.
On August 16, 1960, U.S. Air Force pilot Joseph Keatinga said from an altitude of 31 kilometers (31,000 meters): "God! Please bless me now!"
Before the successful shooting, Tom Cruise was probably in this state of mind. They all stood at an unimaginable height, and the moment they jumped down, they could only ask God for blessing.
Finally, Joseph became the first person to break through the sound barrier. Cruise got 3 shots he wanted and was the first actor to successfully complete HALO in front of the camera.
Of course, they are also desperate people.
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Author/Two years old
The article was first published on the WeChat public account "Pocier"
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