This issue's topic: Aliens
Keywords food chain mitochondria
Increased knowledge: "Scientists believe that the first life was born on Earth about four billion years ago People simply assumed that once the first life forms appeared, more complex life would follow.
But the path of evolution is not from budding to blossoming. The process of life is not so simple.
Life did not evolve into bigger and more complex forms, they could have remained small and simple."
After watching: I had a wrong idea before. Once the evolution of life begins, it will continue to improve. Now I know that without the promotion of external environmental factors, they may remain in their current state.
Growing knowledge: "But there are exceptions. Today, the earth is home to more than eight million species of organisms. The odds of forming this ecology are far too small.
I wonder if this kind of miracle exists on other planets
Whether it's an ocean desert or a grassland, there is life in every place.
If you want to know what kind of life is, you have to start with the plants in this place.
Some creatures live in dark caves. Blue light fireflies radiate light. Wherever there is light, flying insects will instinctively fly where they are. They are greeted by a darker predicament.
Blue-light fireflies are clever predators, and when they catch an insect, they pierce the insect's body with one bite and feed on its internal organs.
It is the law of nature that living things evolve to adapt to their environment.”
Afterthought: To survive, creatures must have resources that provide life energy. The area where they live must have the food they need to survive. They must also evolve a way to obtain the food they need according to local conditions.
Increased knowledge: "If life is found on alien planets, they're probably also the most adapted species
Food symbolizes energy. All living things need food. It is a primordial instinct for survival and action.
Various creatures have gradually formed their own perspectives of life through different foraging methods.”
After watching: Combining the above-mentioned increased knowledge allows me to think about the existence of extraterrestrial creatures and what kind of life forms under the ecological chain are required to live from a new perspective that is different from my previous perspective.
Growing knowledge: "Thousands of complex cells, as tiny as flies, require a steady supply of energy to sustain life.
But even a microbe as small as a pin's eye needs energy."
After watching: I think that mosquitoes suck blood. Although they only suck a little blood, they provide mosquitoes with the energy to maintain their lives. In fact, I have always had an idea. If mosquitoes bite people, if they don’t transmit malaria, if they don’t feel itchy, it’s no big deal. I’ll give it to you. Mosquitoes donate blood
Flies seem to be able to provide the energy they need
Increased knowledge: "When we think of living things, the first thing we think of are larger plants or animals, but more life forms on Earth are tiny single-celled organisms.
Bacteria have evolved to the point where they can eat almost anything
Rust-eating fungi look like stalactites. They are made of metals and bacteria. Bacteria extract chemical energy from metals to grow and reproduce. For bacteria, iron is life-sustaining food.
The earliest organisms on earth are bacteria. Maybe bacteria will continue to exist even after the extinction of human beings. Bacteria even eat human flesh. This insatiable appetite has become their unique survival skill.
No matter the top of the snow mountain or the yellow desert, the bacteria can still survive tenaciously
They can either penetrate deep into saline soils or float in the atmosphere
Where there is energy, there is a way for bacteria to survive, even if the energy is very small.”
After watching: The tenacious and vigorous vitality of bacteria reminds me that even if the earthworm is cut in half, it can still survive and the two separated sections can live.
It made me realize that the simpler the structure, the more tenacious the life force is, because the simpler the structure, the less energy needed to maintain their life, the easier it is to regenerate. On the contrary, the more complex the life function, the more energy is needed to maintain life, and the ecological requirements of the living environment are more natural. Regeneration also becomes complicated and difficult in high biological structure
Growing knowledge: "There must be similar single-celled organisms in the vast universe that thrive in environments where life on Earth is absolutely impossible to survive.
In the long history of the infinite universe, there have been countless planets. It would be a bit arrogant to think that the earth is the only place where life evolved.
Maybe there are microorganisms on alien planets, but it seems that you have to go through more transformations to communicate with us.”
After watching: Just as I realized earlier, the evolutionary path of living things is not achieved by itself, but a process of gradual changes in life under the combined influence of the natural environment, food chain, and the living consciousness of living beings themselves. The evolutionary road of life is never a single The road is full of thorns
Growing knowledge: "If aliens exist, their greatest need is energy
Throughout the history of the earth's development, the source of energy has always relied on weather, thermal energy, volcanic eruptions or lightning.
These originally naturally occurring creatures that have undergone dramatic changes in weather as the Earth's cooling environment have created a thirst for new energy
One of the most important turning points in the history of life on Earth was the moment some bacteria evolved a new way to harness the sun's energy
Plants have the amazing ability to convert and efficiently store solar energy for billions of years
Photosynthesis means that plants absorb sunlight, which is the light that the sun shines from 150 million kilometers away
Plants use light energy to convert carbon dioxide into energy storage particles such as starch for their own growth"
After viewing: Photosynthesis can be said to be very important to the entire biological world on the earth. It has changed the turning point of the entire ecosystem. Plants have also built a layer of green "sun panels" for the earth.
Growing knowledge: "Plants around the world can accumulate up to one million megawatts of energy annually through photosynthesis, which is six times the energy required by modern society.
For the earliest plants, because of the lack of a certain substance, they were more prostrate on the earth and could not reach the higher sky
The reason why bamboo can grow so high is because there is a molecule called lignin inside, which is like bamboo's own scaffolding. Lignin is one of the components of plant cell walls, which gives it rigidity and is not suitable for decay.
The appearance of lignin 400 million years ago changed the world
From then on, the plant has the structural strength and continues to reach higher peaks.”
After Viewing: New Knowledge! Learn about the history of tree growth!
Growing knowledge: "Plants and trees are beautiful on the outside, but only on the inside can they show their flexible and delicate structures. The growth rings of memory are like their biographies.
Due to the action of lignin, plants cover the earth's surface with a solar shell that absorbs energy from the universe, which supplies almost all life on earth.
Plants are the first to store energy, and then new life forms emerge as the times require and begin to use this energy
Animals eat plants to get the energy that plants draw from sunlight, so animals can't survive without plants."
After viewing: Flora support a biological chain for the earth. They decorate the earth and put a green coat on the earth. Photosynthesis stores themselves using solar energy to grow while leaves provide energy for animals to survive.
Increased knowledge: if there are alien sheep or aliens on aliens, there must be alien plants there but alien plants may not be green
The plants on earth are green because our sunlight is green
Most of the light that the sun emits is in the blue-green band although we don't see the sun as green because the sun also emits other wavelengths of light such as red and blue and when these colors are all mixed together it gives us what we see as white
Most of the plants on Earth have evolved over a long period of time to photosynthesize they mainly use red and blue light and green light is reflected back, which is why it appears green."
After Viewing: New Knowledge! The sunlight I see in life is a bit like golden, and it also has the adjective "golden sun", so I always thought it was golden. It turns out that the sunlight I see is white.
It made me understand why plants are green
Increased knowledge: "If there are complex life forms on aliens, it means that there must be plants and there will also be plant-eating animals.
There are two ways for life to obtain energy. For example, you can eat water plants in the sea all day long like a fish.
Or, like a brave warrior, you can quickly plunder all the energy that took a few days for a fish to accumulate.
Plants get energy from sunlight and animals eat plants to grab energy and then be eaten by other animals. This is the food chain.”
After watching: The food chain is the interconnectedness of all things on the earth, which keeps the earth's ecosystem in balance.
Increased knowledge: "Each earth creature has evolved a unique body shape to increase the success rate of predation and avoid the fate of predation
If you look closely at the shape of springbok, you will find that they have now evolved into a smaller species. Light bones and no fat, long legs bring advantages in acceleration and jumping.
Cheetahs must run faster than they want to prey on springbok
Cheetahs can accelerate from a standstill to 100 kilometers per hour. All of their body parts are tailored for high-speed running. Cheetahs have light bones and long claws, like an athlete in spiked shoes. Cheetahs have very long tails, which allow them to be steady and accurate. direction of mutation
The distance between cheetah and springbok is at least 100 meters so that they have a chance of winning.”
After watching: The natural ecosystem is a master of balance. It will not make the strong too strong and the weak will not be too weak. The strong will not be unable to catch food, and the weak will have the chance to escape and survive, so two Species can thrive without going extinct! This is the way to balance the natural ecology
Increased knowledge: "Animals eat plants and are eaten by other animals, but if it weren't for an unprecedented miracle, there would be no creatures larger than bacteria on earth. There are no fruits and vegetables and seafood, and there is no steak and chips. The reason for this food chain Exist only because that momentary miracle may have happened only once in the entire history of the earth
A meal becomes the focal point of all life”
After watching: It's really a "great meal"!
Increased knowledge: "All life on earth, including human beings, rely on the same method to obtain sufficient energy
This seemingly innate ability once faced an insurmountable obstacle
About two billion years ago, there were only microbes on earth, one type of microbe devoured another microbe
Until that miracle happened, a microorganism was swallowed and not digested, it survived the host and became a part of the host
This microbe has an unprecedented ability to use oxygen in energy production so it can extract fifteen times more energy from food than before
It is from this moment that life really begins to originate from these heroic microbes that we call mitochondria."
After viewing: Thanks to this microorganism for making life usher in a very important turning point, it is a miracle moment to make life on earth rich and colorful!
Growing knowledge: "Continued survival in the host co-creates a whole new life form a larger organism
The superpower of mitochondria, passed down from generation to generation, is that they use oxygen in the process of breaking down food.
For any complex life on Earth, there are mitochondria in every cell
Mitochondria provide energy for all of their organisms, whether they are flowers, birds, insects or towering trees, whether cheetahs or humans, all living things use the same biological engine in their bodies.”
Afterthought: The biological engine of the organism is the same! Eye-opening to increase knowledge!
Growing knowledge: "Without mitochondria, today's colorful picture of life would not have been created
Without that miracle moment, there would be no plants, no herbivores, no carnivores, and no us humans.
There will only be stones and bacteria that feed on each other"
After watching: Life is incredible! The focus of this period of growth shocks knowledge points
Growing knowledge: "Billions of bacteria devoured each other over two billion years for a miraculous and bizarre meal
This is an unparalleled moment and a rare moment in the world, perhaps as rare as the earth is in the universe, almost unique."
After watching: I feel the same way! It's a great meal. It's a miracle created by the survival instinct of life on the food chain!
Increased knowledge: "If there is another planet in the universe that evolves to the same degree as Earth over billions of years, the probability is like rolling a dice and getting the same number billions of times in a row
If we find traces of life on aliens, it's very likely to be very simple life."
After watching: The formation of life is a series of coincidences plus tenacious vitality to adapt to the environment. Only after thousands of trials and hardships can evolve into highly intelligent life forms
Through the evolution and formation of the earth's organisms, we can find out that in order to evolve advanced life forms like us, the alien planet needs the right time and place to form a set of alien ecosystems through a similar long-term evolution, which is no easy task!
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