Joe, played by Hepburn in the movie, is a loyal follower of Empathy.
It is very ironic that although the professor Emile Flostre whom Joe admires very much talks about empathy in his thesis and verbally, in real life he is the least empathetic person. He pretended to discuss empathy with Joe and wanted to molest her forcibly without his consent. It was a beast. Although the photographer Dick didn't understand the idea of empathy at first, he knew how to respect and speculate about Joe's thoughts in life.
Empathy is actually a fabricated philosophical point of view. It probably talks about the ability to empathize/think empathy. Empathy is not just about sympathy and understanding, it's the ability to experience other people's emotions more deeply (just like things happen to yourself).
As early as more than two thousand years ago, Confucius put forward the point of empathy: "Don't do to others what you don't want to do." Don't force others to do what we don't want to do ourselves.
One of my idols, Mu Ye, wrote a song about empathy, called "Beautiful": "In my shoes, just to see what it's like to be me; I'll be you, let's trade shoes, just to see what it'd be like to; Feel your pain, you feel mine, just to see what we (can) find." The "trade shoes" in this song means empathy. The general meaning of this passage of lyrics is to let us think in another place, think and understand the other person's feelings (such as pain) from the other person's perspective.
Empathy/empathy is roughly divided into two types:
1) Emotional empathy: able to respond to other people's emotions with appropriate emotions;
2) Cognitive empathy: able to understand the mental state and opinions of others;
*Being able to respond with appropriate emotions does not necessarily mean that you can fully understand the cognitive views of others.
**According to surveys, emotional empathy is related to the increase of brain insula activity; cognitive empathy is related to the activity of the cingulate cortex and the prefrontal cortex adjacent to the dorsal medial of the brain.
To a certain extent, human society is based on empathy among people. Empathy makes people trust each other more and more, and finally they can work and live harmoniously together.
*There are more movies/TV series recommendations on my Weibo (aka Maruko who loves to read), welcome everyone to follow!
https://weibo.com/u/3179898575
Reference materials:
https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E5%90%8C%E7%90%86%E5%BF%83/2045072
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empathy
https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%90%8C%E7%90%86%E5%BF%83#%E9%A1%9E%E5%9E%8B
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