In my opinion, apart from the fact that the movie itself is not clearly explained, or the director deliberately does not want the audience to understand, from the perspective of the audience's viewing, there are mainly three aspects.
First, the cognitive level of the audience.
First, at the most basic level, the audience's ability to read the text of the film. That is to say, after watching the movie, you know what the story is.
Secondly, on the second level, you have a certain understanding of the history, concepts and ideology in the film, and can understand the concept conveyed by the film.
Finally, at the third level, we have an understanding of the social reality context and subsequent influence of film texts, and some films can be grasped in film history.
Second, the audience's aesthetic ability.
First of all, it is also a relatively basic level. The audience has a corresponding knowledge and understanding of the lens language, film composition, sound and music arrangement, actor performance, scene scheduling, etc.
Secondly, on the second level, the audience has an understanding of the elements of the film text, such as audio-visual metaphors, emotion creation, and the degree of completion of the story.
Finally, the third level, the audience's understanding level of aesthetics itself.
Third, the life experience of the audience is also what I am most concerned about at the moment. In fact, if you can understand it at the cognitive and aesthetic level, you can already say that you understand this movie, but life experience or life experience directly determines whether this movie can resonate with me and whether it can bring me I am moved, can I like it, and even when the movie is similar to its own experience, the audience can judge whether the movie is "true" or not. For this "Eternity and a Day", my life experience is too thin for it. As a 20-something, I can feel the sourness of youth from "Bad Boy's Sky" because that's exactly what I've been through, or what's been happening around me. But I certainly couldn't find resonance in "Wild Strawberries," because I wasn't at that stage in my life at all. In fact, it is very similar to literature. I can feel the pain of young Werther not being able to get the person he loves, but I certainly can't understand the ups and downs and the great opening and closing experienced by Su Shi. I can't say that these things that don't impress me are boring and pretentious, but they are temporarily unfamiliar and incomprehensible to me.
However, one question has been bothering me. When people are young, they will be moved by some things, such as Wong Kar Wai's hypocritical and sad, but when they get older, they may feel that these are too superficial. But can we deny what touched us when we were young because of our age and experience? Or is the emotion of youth more shallow and inferior than the emotion of old age?
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