①Some economists say that this is Shakespeare’s worst work. He was a young man of literature and art. In fact, the period of Elizabeth I was a period when British capitalism was rising very well. It could not have happened, because there were already The insurance law at sea means that even if Antonio's ship can't come back, he still has insurance compensation, and he doesn't need to cut the flesh. Even if the flesh is cut, he should cut it. Assuming that the law at the time allows it, if you don't cut it, you will be a liar, an old man, and a dishonest person. Portia was just playing with words. This work is because of Shakespeare's contempt for businessmen. In fact, why did that person have to agree to his seemingly unreasonable request to cut a pound of meat? It's because Antonio is just playing tricks, but it is described in the writer's pen. A very gentleman. From today's bankruptcy system, credit reporting system, and financial supervision system, the rule of law society is becoming more and more prosperous. The audience understands it well. Sherlock's usury was legal at the time, but Antonio didn't charge any interest when he lent it. According to today's words, it is to disrupt the financial order. Actually Sherlock got revenge on him for that.
② Then, why did Shakespeare despise the businessman with the role of "Jew", because the word "Jew" in European Christian civilization at that time represented the ugly image of the businessman's face. Just like in ancient China, when addressing a person: "This person is a businessman", it basically means swearing. Few of today's audiences can understand these cultural backgrounds.
Like Shakespeare, Marx despised and hated the mercenary financial Jews.
Marx's paternal line has Jewish blood, but his father, Henry Marx, had converted to Christianity, and Marx was baptized in Christianity at a young age, so Marx was not a Jew.
Judaism is not a pure blood race, but refers to a social identity and a religious belief. Faith is Judaism, and social identity is Jewish bankers who are mainly engaged in usury activities. By blood, Jews identify with matrilineal rather than paternal lineage. If the father is Jewish and the mother is not, then the child is non-Jewish. But if the father is not Jewish and the wife is Jewish, the children are also Jewish.
In Marx's view, Jews are not a national group with special racial and cultural characteristics, but a common name for all groups of people whose highest code of conduct is the pursuit of profit and money. Jews are capitalists. Jewish secular culture is to become the spirit of capitalism.
"What is the worldly basis of Judaism? Practical needs, selfishness. What is the Jewish worldly worship? Business for profit. What is their worldly god? Money."
The Jews Marx mentioned here are the moneylenders and usury Jewish capitalists who represent the virtual economy.
The contradiction between the actual political power of the Jewish people and his political rights is the contradiction between politics and the power of money. Although in concept, politics is above the power of money, in fact, the former is the slave of the latter. "
Marx said: "Christianity only subdues real Judaism on the surface. Christianity is too noble and too spiritual, so to eliminate the crudeness of actual needs, only it can be elevated. Christianity is the sublimation of Judaism, and Judaism is Christianity. vulgar utilitarian application".
③Similarly, "Oriental Jews" is not a praise title. It was originally meant to be ironic and derogatory. It was an evil conspiracy force to fight the political persecution of overseas Chinese.
This title comes from the book "Jews of the East" written by the king of Thailand and the first Thai nationalist Rama VI (the sixth monarch of the Bangkok Dynasty, who reigned from 1910 to 1925) at the beginning of the last century.
During the reign of King Rama VI, it was the fall of the Qing Dynasty in 1912 and the death of Mr. Sun Yat-sen in 1925, a period of turmoil in China!
During this period, King Rama VI set off the first upsurge of exclusion from China. Because Chaoshan people held the economic lifeline of Thailand in Thailand, they always sent money to their hometown through overseas Chinese batches, and often called local Thais "Fanren".
The Chinese name of this Rama VI is Zheng Bao. The Thai royal family's surname is Zheng because it is related to Zheng Xin. Zheng Xin should be of mixed Chinese and Thai blood, and his father is Zheng Yong from Chenghai, Shantou.
The Jews that Marx refers to is just a synonym, not the Jewish nation or the current Israel. But all capitalists are called "Jews", because Jews are businessmen, bankers..., while the king of Thailand used Chaoshan people as "Jews", and they are "Jews" in the East, because Chaoshan people are born to despise political leaders. Officials, they don't pursue anything immortal. Their values are that my survival and development in this life are better than others, and my family is rich and my descendants are blessed, so I don't care about anything false. I think that being an official is worse than being rich, and I also think that philosophy makes people think stupid. Only money is king. In addition, Chaoshan culture belongs to the "ocean culture" like the culture of the British Empire. Businessmen naturally like the business environment of the free market economy, so they are doing business everywhere and running all over the world, which is obviously not suitable. Ma VI's political proposition: national consciousness, the idea of loyalty to the monarch is the main.
When the British Empire's ship Jianli Gun extended their interests to the ends of the earth, Chaoshan merchants also traveled across the sea in "red-headed boats", shuttled in the vast sea, and sailed in rough waves. The difference is that they did not have British merchants. Backed by a strong navy with strong ships and cannons, there is no huge capital. Usually there is only a water cloth and a few pieces of sweet kueh in a bamboo basket. There may be Qing court officers and soldiers and pirates behind them. But these two different peoples have the same economic thinking and business logic. They belong to the marine culture. The marine character seems to make them naturally like free trade and mercantilism. Culturally, they both show a diversity of tolerance and expansion!
Chaoshan people are good at doing business, and there are clear records in historical materials. The most representative ones are overseas Chaozhou merchants. In the "Qing Barnyard Banknotes" in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, there is a description of "Chaoshan people are good at doing business": "The Chaoshan people are good at doing business, and they are empty. The son, who went abroad alone, has nothing to do except leather pillows and blankets. He has been employed for a few years and has a little independent business. After a few years, almost all of them will become overseas giants."
Sterling Seagrave said in the book "Dragon Travels the World": "The Teochew people are culturally unique. They operate the richest and most powerful underground network on the planet and are the world's first multinational corporations. one."
King Rama VI saw the unity and business activities of the Chaoshan people, and sensitively analyzed from a political point of view that the Chaoshan people would "control" the economic lifeline of the entire Thailand. He believed that his political rule might be endangered and Thailand became a "Chinese country". , then published "Oriental Jews" meaningfully inciting the "Chinese Exclusion Movement", which had an impact on the Southeast Asian countries in the future and created an anti-Chinese riot that was more tragic than the Nanjing Massacre. During the reign of King Rama VI, he set off the first upsurge of anti-Chinese. He used the mass media to instill nationalism in the people, and published a large number of articles in newspapers under various pseudonyms. host. In addition to newspapers, Rama VI was also a prolific writer, including the famous "Jews of the East", "Wake Up, Thailand" and other works. Among them, "Oriental Jews" was published in 1912, under the pseudonym Ashawa Bahu, and harshly criticized the Chinese. Chaoshan people have made great achievements in various fields in the world. They are good at doing business while wandering around, but behind it is a period of anti-Semitic anti-Semitic anti-Chinese movement that makes people sweat. At the beginning of the last century, King Maha Vajiravudh of Thailand signed Asavabahu General The comparison of the Chinese, mainly Chaoshan people, with the Jews in the territory shows that the Chaoshan people are small in number, but they are hard-working and good at doing business, and they control their economic lifeline. However, this seemingly praiseworthy article has other intentions. It is full of hostility between the lines, and has a great impact on the long-term anti-Chinese movement in the Nanyang region. Although it did not cause much harm in the local area, the anti-Chinese movement in Southeast Asia is full of blood and tears, and it is hard to bear to read the history, such as the "Chinese anti-Chinese movement" in Cambodia and the "Chinese anti-Chinese movement" in Vietnam. . The famous Taiwanese singer Hou Dejian has a song called "Chaozhou People", which describes the sufferings of Chaoshan people in the "Chinese Exclusion Movement" in Vietnam.
Marx said, "The emancipation of the Jews, in its ultimate sense, is the emancipation of mankind from the Jewish spirit." "If there is a social organization that eliminates the premise of doing business for profit, and thus the possibility of doing business for profit, then this social organization It would also make it impossible for the Jew to exist." "Once society has eliminated the empirical essence of the Jewish spirit, namely business and profit and its prerequisites, the Jew cannot exist, because his consciousness will no longer have an object, because the subjective basis of the Jewish spirit That is, the actual needs will be humanized, because the contradiction between the individual perceptual existence of human beings and the existence of species will be eliminated.”
Perhaps Rama VI also noticed these thoughts and knew the class contradictions in Thailand, so he pointed the finger at the Chaoshan people and diverted the attention of the people. He became a great victory for leading the people to carry out this revolution!
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