Entry: Teflon
Physical Properties The mechanical properties of PTFE are relatively soft. Has very low surface energy. Density: 2.1–2.3 g/cm³ Chemical properties Corrosion resistance: Can withstand all strong acids (including fluoroantimonic acid, aqua regia), strong alkalis, strong oxidants, The role of reducing agents and various organic solvents. Insulation: not affected by the environment and frequency, the resistivity can reach 1018 ohm·cm, the dielectric loss is small, and the breakdown voltage is high. High and low temperature resistance: little change in temperature, wide temperature range, usable temperature -190~260 ℃. Self-lubricating: It has the smallest friction coefficient among plastics and is an ideal oil-free lubricating material. Surface non-stick: None of the known solid materials can adhere to the surface, and it is a solid material with the smallest surface energy. Atmospheric aging resistance, radiation resistance and low permeability: long-term exposure to the atmosphere, the surface and properties remain unchanged. Incombustibility: The oxygen limit index [6] is below 90.
Toxicity PTFE is normally non-toxic, but PTFE cooking utensils begin to deteriorate after reaching a temperature of 500°F (260°C) and begin to decompose above 660°F (350°C). DuPont states in "What to Know About Using DuPont Teflon Nonstick Coated Cookware" that inert PTFE undergoes chemical changes at temperatures up to 260°C. In comparison, cooking oils, fats, and creams will produce charring and smoke when the temperature reaches about 392°F (200°C), while meat is typically between 400°F–450°F (200°C–230°C). scorching, however, this temperature can easily be exceeded by inadvertently placing an empty cooking utensil on the fire. [7] In a 1959 study (before the FDA approved a substance for food preparation utensils), it was shown that the gases produced by a coated pan during dry cooking were more toxic than those produced by cooking regular cooking oil. The toxicity of the gas produced is low. Carcinogens in Process See: Blackwater (movie) The US Environmental Protection Agency found in a 2005 scientific advisory meeting that perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), one of the raw materials used in the production of PTFE, may be carcinogenic. This discovery has so far been inconclusive. In addition, DuPont has been sued by residents outside its Ohio and West Virginia plants for contaminating groundwater with the substance. EPA inspectors found PFOA in at least one pregnant female worker at the latter plant, and the fetus had been affected, but DuPont withheld the results. However, the EPA filed a complaint for violating the Toxic Substances Control Act. Act) and the Resource Conservation Act, which were settled by DuPont in 2004 for $16.5 million. So far, the substance has not been regulated by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. [8][9] In January 2006, DuPont, the only company producing PFOA in the United States, agreed to reduce emissions from its plants by 2015, but was reluctant to commit to phasing out the chemical's use entirely substance. This protocol not only applies to cooking utensils using PTFE, but also includes food packaging and spreading. DuPont also stated that they cannot use PFOA in the production of PTFE, but they will seek alternatives. Since 2015, DuPont has stopped using PFOA in the production of PTFE. PFOA is only used in the process - and after the hardening process, only a very small amount of PFOA remains. DuPont claims that after its proper hardening procedure, the residual PFOA on the cookware should be too small to measure.
(PTFE is polytetrafluoroethylene
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