1. Forced-the failed transfer of the "Oedipus complex"
Isaac decided to drive to Rand by himself instead of traveling by plane. He wanted to use his last few hours to touch this life, even if it was just touching. So he came to the house where he would go every summer for the first twenty years of his life. This house carries his childhood, but the most important thing is actually just a girl—the former fiancée "Sarah".
Just as every wonderful story is related to a girl, so is Isaac's story. After Isaac got the dream of death, his first reaction was to find Sara in his heart. Sarah is far more than just an "eternal lover" to Isaac. In fact, Sarah once saved Isaac.
From the hints of the film, we can learn that Isaac has lost his father's love since childhood, and the film only mentions his mother. But from his mother's loneliness in his later years and the description of his many children, we can imagine that Isaac did not receive much maternal love when he was a child. However, no one can avoid the existence of the Oedipus complex, and so is Isaac. However, he could not achieve the complete development of this complex in his mother. Her mother was too indifferent, so the Oedipus complex was naturally transferred to other opposite sexes. For Isaac, the opposite sex is Sarah, so Sarah is very important to Isaac's life. She helped him complete the growth of his life, and helped him through the Oedipus crisis in his childhood. To a certain extent, Sarah also inspired Isaac's interest in knowledge, which led to his later achievements as a doctor. Of course, this point is not explained in the movie, but Che Guevara once admitted that he was eloquent when he was young only because there was a girl present and he wanted her to see it. So there is the famous sentence "Revolution is caused by love." This unconscious encouragement from the opposite sex must have helped Isaac survive the crisis of self-denial in his youth.
But, sadly, Isaac’s Oedipus complex did not finally complete the transfer. Sara was robbed by his cousin Siegfried, and Isaac lost his beloved girl. This is a shame for a man who was "castrated" again (Isaac had already Has been "castrated" once, as will be mentioned below). This "castration" is fatal. We have not seen any description of his wife at all in the film. We can imagine the failure of his marriage; the separation between him and the housekeeper; the separation between him and his son, etc. All his interpersonal failures are expressed by him. His indifference, his daughter-in-law also affirmed that Isaac and his son are the same on this point, but behind the indifference is his "fear of castration", indifference is just a weak cover. This kind of "fear of castration", he has not been able to overcome in his whole life, so his whole life has not been able to truly integrate into the close people around him. His indifference at this time made him look pitiful.
But in the final analysis, this was caused by the failed transfer of Isaac's Oedipus complex, and neither his attachment to his mother nor his love to Sarah was rewarded. This was a heavy blow to the young Isaac. To a large extent, Isaac himself cannot do anything about it, he is persecuted.
2. Castrated-the opponent of a man in his life is his father
Freud believes that in childhood, because of the Oedipus complex, men will be threatened by their father with castration. Since then, men are always in the anxiety of being castrated, afraid of losing their penis. When a boy finds that a girl does not have a penis, the castration is confirmed. This is "castration anxiety." This is the key to a major turning point in a man's life. Because of fear of being castrated, some boys may have thoughts of "father killing" or have conflicts with their fathers in thoughts, words or even physical bodies.
We don't see a direct description of Isaac's father in the movie. This plot design is actually a portrayal of Bergman's own heart. The absence of Isaac's father hints at Bergman's inner resentment towards his father. Bergman once said in an interview with Swedish TV in the 1970s: "A huge resentment was established between me and my father. One day, he beat me." Bergman transformed his urge to kill his father into a movie. With the lack of the image of father in the middle, he achieved the goal of "killing father" through the film.
Isaac's first "castration" came from his father, so the character that is not in the movie-Isaac's father, is the most important role. It was he who gave Isaac a strong castration anxiety in his childhood, and this anxiety has plagued Isaac throughout his life. The root cause of Isaac's loss of Sarah was the castration anxiety from his father in his childhood, which made him lack the courage to be a man. He has become accustomed to living with indifference and selfishness. How can this catch a young girl's heart that is sprouting? Isaac later reacted indifferently to his wife's derailment, which was numbness after castration. He tried to tell outsiders with indifference that he didn't care, but he did. Behind the indifference is weakness, and the appearance of hardness is precisely because the heart is too weak.
Isaac never got out of the "castration anxiety and fear" in his life, and he completely failed when facing the man's rival father in his life. His father's death long ago made Isaac lose the chance to win his father during his lifetime, and also lost the chance to get out of castration anxiety forever. When "father killing" is impossible due to the lack of objects, where is the way out? At the moment Isaac lost his father, he was "castrated" for the third time. This was also the most thorough "castration" because he never had a chance to win again. Therefore, Isaac used his dream to find what he could not find in real life-his father. He tried to overcome the anxiety of castration and obtain his father's love through the dream.
Because of the lack of father image in Isaac's heart, he did not learn how to be a father, which directly led to Isaac's own failure as a father. This failure can be confirmed by his daughter-in-law’s report of Isaac’s disappointed evaluation of him and his son’s indifference like Isaac. As a father, Isaac’s son Ewald inherited his father’s indifference, and castration anxiety manifested more thoroughly in Ewald. He simply didn’t want to be a father or give father’s love, so he wanted to eliminate it. The father's love is given to the son, so he opposes his wife to give birth to children. When Isaac heard his daughter-in-law say that his son did not like him, Isaac, who was driving in the close-up, was surprised and helpless. When he saw his son later, he tried to make up, but the effort to make up was too weak.
3. Bergman's inner heart
Bergman said in "Bergerman on Movies": "The motivation that drove me to shoot "Wild Strawberry" came from my attempt to confess my strong desire to my parents who had abandoned me. At that time My parents are beyond space and have a mythological meaning, and this attempt is doomed to fail. After many years, they were transformed into ordinary human beings, and the resentment I had held since my childhood gradually disappeared. Only then can we be in harmony. Get along and get along well with each other.” This kind of resentment towards his father has been through Bergman's film career.
In "Magic Lamp-Bergman's Autobiography", he himself said: "Today, I am leaning on a photo of my childhood and carefully examining my mother's face with a magnifying glass. I try to relive the emotions that have passed for a long time. Yes. , I love her. She is very charming in the photo... My 4-year-old heart is full of dog-like loyalty. However, my relationship with my mother is not very simple. My loyalty makes her annoyed and anxious. I am close Her expressions and strong emotional outbursts bothered her. She often drove me away with indifference and sarcasm, and I could only cry with resentment and disappointment... I soon began to try to make her happy with my actions , To cater to her interest. Illness can immediately arouse her sympathy. To soak yourself in the never-ending illness, this is indeed a painful, but it can really arouse the mother’s care and consideration. On the other hand, Since my mother is a well-trained nurse, the trick was quickly exposed, and I was punished in public.”
We can see how strong Oedipus complex the childhood Bergman had-Oedipus complex, but he But his mother did not give him enough love. In the Oedipus stage, the paternity has a symbolic function, representing a social oppressive force. Chacha Bergman's father was very strict with him. Bergman was locked in a dark closet because of a fault such as a wet bed. His father was a high-ranking pastor, the exclusive pastor of the King of Sweden, in Bergman's heart, he was his God, awe-inspiring like a god. It is conceivable how intensely the "castration anxiety" from Bergman's father haunted Bergman. In such a family with a strong religious tradition, Bergman later admitted that he had lost his faith at the age of eight. Bergman has experienced five marriages in his lifetime, and he has a close relationship with seven or eight women. Behind this complicated emotional relationship is Bergman constantly looking for the most suitable object to transfer the Oedipus complex in the opposite sex, and trying to Attempt to overcome "castration anxiety".
"Whenever I am uncertain or sad, I always seek peace by reminiscing about my childhood." [Ingmar Bergman. The Smile of Summer Nights-Ingmar Bergman Movies Selected Scripts (Part 1)" page 203. China Film Publishing House, 1986] At the end of the film, Isaac did this again. He had a dream and made him "feel a little relaxed" [Ingmar Bergman "The Smile of Summer Night-Ingmar Bergman's Screenplay Selections (Part 1)" p. 204. China Film Publishing House, 1986]. The dream is a harmonious childhood. There is a father, a mother, and Sara... Finally, Bergman was able to overcome the "castration anxiety" to some extent through the film. Through the portrayal of the father and mother, In the sense, he defeated his father and reached a reconciliation.
References:
[1] Ingmar Bergman, translated by Han Liangyi. "Bergerman on Movies" [M]. Yuanliu Publishing House, 1994
[2] Ingmar Bergman. "Summer Night Smile-Ingmar Bergman's Movie Script Selections (Part
1 )"[M]. China Film Publishing House, 1986 , 3 [3] Ingmar Bergman, translated by Zhang Hongjun. "Magic Lantern—— Bergman’s Autobiography [M]. China Film Publishing House,
1993, 8 [4] Freud, translated by Zhao Lei and Song Jingtang. "Three Theory of Sexual Desire" [M]. International Culture Publishing Company, 2000, 10
[ 5] Yan Zesheng. "The Illusion Through "I Thought"-Lacan's Theory of Subjectivity and Its Contemporary Effects", Oriental Publishing House, 2007, 7
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