With the development of biotechnology and artificial intelligence, human prosthetics have been promoted, and human organs, even cranial nerves, and brain tissue can be replaced by machines. 1. The definition of human beings After the realization of prosthetics, human beings will go to the altar, immortal life, physical condition, and brain information can be controlled by themselves. So how will the definition of human beings change?
2. Free will and soul The human mind and soul are challenged, that is, after human-computer interaction, information such as thought and memory can exist in the form of code, so as to perform operations such as deletion and fiction. The question that follows is - since the human soul can be tampered with, does the soul exist, and does free will exist? Kant once said, "Man is the sum of his actions." This seems to be a minimum definition, because man is far from being limited to his actions. 3. Ghost in the Shell
1. General background Motozi and Ku Jiu were once anti-technologists, and after being detained by the government, they became experimenters in the exploration of full-body prosthetics. Kujiu is a defective product, Suzi is a perfect and successful product, and the difference between them seems to be only in appearance? ? ? After the transformation, Motoko became Mira Major and served in the 9th Division of Public Security, becoming the incarnation of justice. Ku Jiu (Villain 1) takes revenge on the society as a defective product, attempts to abandon his limbs and escape into the neural network as a superhuman existence, and constantly takes revenge on the scientists who once participated in the experiments. The former actually changed her soul because of the implantation of fictitious memories, which makes people wonder what use her past soul is? Is it just to help her have the emotions brought about by identifying and thinking about her memories? If so, why did she show numbness and indifference, not only excluding herself from human beings, but also thinking extremely slowly and sluggishly. The latter's revenge on human society can be seen as the miss for the human body and the despair and anger after becoming an alien. This is just another kind of humanism, rooted in the fact that the definition of human is still in chaos.
2. Film structure The film is narrated from the main line of Mira's self-awakening. Mira initially identified herself as a non-human being because her memories and thoughts could be deleted, and no past memories could define her. Doctor Oulette sees her as the most perfect masterpiece, because she is the first successful prosthetic person with soul, and she keeps telling Mira that she has the right to agree or to disapprove (free will). On the one hand, Mira was not convinced by this point of view, thinking that she could only execute orders, and the constantly emerging memory fragments made her question her true self, until she met the villain Ku Jiu, who killed innocent people, and learned the truth of the experiment. She was lost and no longer obeyed orders. In fact, she has never completely obeyed the command, and what she does has always been guided by pure emotion and soul. Another Hanka company executive who participated in the experiment (Villain 2) held the idea that free will is dangerous, and believed that Mira was just a tool and weapon, and it was dangerous to give it a soul and self-will and should be eliminated. Not wanting his masterpiece to be destroyed, Oulette gave her Mira's memory stick and set her free, as if giving her the memory would give her a soul.
In the end, the villain 2 was charged with a treason and was destroyed? ? ? All members of Section 9 of the Public Security Department protect our Major Mira?
3. Convey ideas
On the one hand, Mira has the strongest sense of justice and sympathy, and on the other hand, it is extremely contradictory to set up a "have no heart" character. The funniest thing happens when she will be angry at the loss of innocent people and pretend to find the dog cute for the first time. It is clear at a glance whether Mira has a soul, and she definitely does not need past memories to fill her vacant soul. After experiencing a showdown with Villain 2, Mila proposed the film's final slogan: We hold fast to memory, it seems that memory defines us, but in fact what we do now defines us. A cluttered pile of ideas cluttered together is truly disingenuous and does not reflect the concerns of a tech-humanist at all. The final answer was also boring enough to answer neither whether a soul can exist in a prosthetic person nor what defines a human being. It would be illogical and uninteresting to define human beings only by current behavior. Human beings are the sum of behaviors, and the uniqueness of the human soul is that it possesses unique and complex life emotions, although biosensors view it as a simple biological mechanism—the secretion of hormones. But for now, the human will and soul are still not fully studied and understood by science, and all discussions are powerless and pale. If human beings do not know whether their flesh and blood body has a soul and free will, how can they judge whether a human being has a soul and a will?
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