He has no property, no official title, no scientific achievements and no artist, so why is he so commemorated? - He is the conscience of man born in 1869 into a Hindu family. At the age of 19, he went to England to study law. In 1893, traveling as a lawyer to South Africa to defend an Indian (licensed in the UK), he was kicked off a train because he was a man of colour and could not sit in first class. The rich Indian said: I am rich, but I am an Indian, so I cannot expect to sit first class. Started speaking for the equal status of Indians in South Africa, took the lead in burning the so-called pass, was beaten with a bat.
(Some newspapers called the practice of Gandhi burning the pass the most significant act of the British colony since the independence of the United States)
Call on Indians to never bow to the new law. "They can torture my body, break my bones, and even kill me, and all they get is a corpse, not my submission"
Thousands of Indians, including Gandhi, were imprisoned (to unmanned mining, etc.), and the government was under pressure to release all of them and re-amend the law. (During this anti-discrimination process, Gandhi was still full of fantasies about the British Empire.) In 1915, Gandhi returned to India, which he did not know much about, and was welcomed by the people. The patience of the occasional reaction will only lead to greater revenge. A year later, he began giving speeches, promoting his ideas, engaging in nonviolent struggles, and experimenting and developing nonviolent doctrines. Invited to Champalan province, where people are oppressed by British landlords and starved of food. Gandhi was arrested again and was convicted of disturbing the peace. Gandhi refused to be deported and posted a bail of one hundred rupees. Finally, the judge was under pressure to acquit him of the crime. The whole world cheers for Gandhi. Gandhi soon became the de facto leader of the Congress Party, made "non-violence and non-cooperation" the guiding ideology of the Congress Party, and began to run for the independence of India. He supported the war that was going on at the time, hoping in exchange for the kindness of Britain to grant India self-government. The various actions of the colonial authorities after "World War I" turned Gandhi from a loyal follower of the British Empire into a non-cooperator. The new law "doesn't need a warrant for arrest. If there are books and periodicals that are deemed to be obstructing the law and order, they will be immediately arrested and imprisoned (Gandhi's article was named and criticized). Some people advocate direct action to suppress violence. Nilu believes that terrorism is the best way to send troops to suppress it. reasons, and what kind of leaders it makes ? Gandhi believed that on the day when the law was issued, people all over the country prayed collectively, went on hunger strike, went on strike, and the country was shut down, and the British army could only take over the telegraph office so as not to lose contact with the world. Gandhi was arrested again, riots in India continued, some British civilians were killed, the British army fought back, the government was overwhelmed, afraid of Gandhi but more afraid of terrorism, the Governor agreed to release Gandhi as long as he came forward to advocate without violence, Gandhi he never advocated Violence. The riots continued, and General Dyer ordered to line up and sweep the crowd, including women and children, with 1,516 casualties and 1,650 bullets used. Gandhi felt compelled to stop these actions and went on a hunger strike until all these actions ceased. The people stopped all non-cooperation, and the people took the initiative to put garlands on the police and British soldiers. In February 1922, due to the violence in the movement, Gandhi announced the cessation of the first non-violent non-cooperation movement, which dampened morale and caused ideological confusion within the Congress Party. Gandhi was also behind bars. After his release from prison, Gandhi worked to revive the morale of the people. He was once again arrested and sentenced to six years in prison for obstructing the peace. He was released from prison a few years later, and people did not forget him. After he was released from prison, he wandered around the villages and preached not to use violence to demand the liberation of India. In March 1930, he led 78 volunteers to start the "Salt Long March", which opened the prelude to the second non-violent non-cooperation movement. Gandhi went all the way to the sea to melt salt. Salt is a royal patent, and controlling salt means controlling India. Lifeline, unauthorized salt making is illegal, people started making salt openly everywhere, the government ordered the arrest of everyone except Gandhi, cut off his power to deal with him, the government beat the salt makers, arrested 100,000 people, all MPs ran Lu et al., his wife and children were all arrested, and some police fired machine guns, but the people did not fight back. Gandhi was arrested again, and the British acted to panic the people. However, the people continued to act non-violently. The men walked to the gate of the prison in rows, with their heads held high, the policemen swung their sticks at them until they fell, and the women carried away the dead and wounded until they were exhausted. The men in the row continued to walk to the entrance of the prison under the sticks. This non-violent action dealt a huge blow to the British colonialists. Gandhi had to negotiate with the Governor and attend a round table meeting. The government began to consider the possibility of independence. Gandhi traveled from Mumbai to London to attend a roundtable on Indian independence. As the sole representative of the Indian Congress, Gandhi came to London and was welcomed by the British people. . The mass movement was thus slackened and brutally suppressed by Britain. Back in custody again. During the war, when Japan gradually expanded in Southeast Asia, Britain urgently needed to use India's human and material resources to deal with Japan. But at this time, non-violent non-cooperation was continuing, and British Prime Minister Churchill was forced to promise: "In due course of victory in the war, give back freedom to India." After receiving assurances from the United Kingdom, India began to actively participate in World War II. Although the level of the Indian army is not high, it is at least stronger than the Italian army. On the North African battlefield, more than 3,000 Indian troops captured more than 17,000 Italian soldiers. In October 1934, Gandhi announced his resignation from the party due to renewed serious disagreements with the Congress leadership, but still directed the work of the Congress on key issues. On September 3, 1939, after the United Kingdom declared war on behalf of India, Gandhi's extreme non-violent stance clashed sharply with the congress party leadership's conditional support for the war, resulting in him being dismissed twice, and the British government's stubborn refusal. Meeting the demands of the Congress Party, the Congress Party invited Gandhi to come back twice. During this period, Gandhi's anti-imperialist stance further changed. In April 1942, under the situation that anti-British sentiment was rising among the masses in India and the Japanese aggressors were approaching India, Gandhi put forward the slogan of the British "exit India", and successively launched the third non-cooperation movement from 1940 to 1941 and Preparations to launch the fourth non-cooperation movement were suppressed by the British. Gandhi was imprisoned until May 1944. After the 1945 war, India couldn't wait to ask Britain to fulfill its promise. Under such circumstances, Mountbatten played. The main purpose of Mountbatten's trip to India was to try to keep India within the Commonwealth's face project, but India did not even give any face. India demanded that the country must be independent and would no longer collude with Britain. The British government, which was in internal and external difficulties, was deterred by the pressure of the resurgence of the Indian national liberation movement, and Britain agreed to India's request for independence. However, due to the long-standing differences and confrontations between India and Muslim religions, and the influence of the British policy of divide and rule, India and Pakistan have become a foregone conclusion. June 15, 1947 The Indian National Assembly overwhelmingly approved the partition plan of India and Pakistan on 19 September - Hindus will not obey Jinnah, who is of Muslim origin, and Muslims of course reject Nehru, who is Hindu. The contradictions between the two sides could not be reconciled, and eventually the troubles reached the point of separation. This is the partition of India and Pakistan. Nehru and Jinnah invited British barrister Cliff to demarcate the India-Pakistan border because Cliff knew nothing about Indian politics. But Cliff made a fatal mistake. He added 2 million Muslims to India and more than 3 million Hindus to Pakistan. The people of the two major sects staged a mass migration of millions of people in order to return to the control area of their own nation. In the process of migration, a national vendetta began. And no one could control it, not even Nehru and Jinnah. The catastrophe killed more than 800,000 people and left more than 50 million homeless. Jina (Muslim leader in India): Regardless of whether India is independent or not, my concern is whether Muslims are enslaved. I will not see Hinduism take over from Britain to rule India and advocate the independence of Muslim-majority as Pakistan. (Gandhi insisted that Hinduism and Islam are the left and right eyes of India, and there will be no distinction between master and slave) On January 13, 1948, Mahatma Gandhi started a hunger strike in order to win the reconciliation of the two major sects in the capital, except for a few sips of water , eat nothing. Over the course of several days, his health deteriorated day by day. until January 18 On the same day, Prime Minister Nehru also started a hunger strike to express his sympathy for Gandhi. After the news was published, representatives of various factions in the capital rallied, vowing to restore calm and asking Mahatma Gandhi to stop his hunger strike. With the participation of Gandhi, representatives of the two factions signed a ceasefire agreement, the people's anger gradually subsided, the frenzied killing stopped, and the people vowed to Gandhi not to attack each other again. In the process of separating India and Pakistan, more than 200 million US dollars of funds should have been distributed to Pakistan. But after the standoff between the two countries, India refused to hand over the large sum of money to Pakistan. Gandhi used his hunger strike to force Nehru to return the money to India. But some extremists did not stop there, the purpose is to remove this stumbling block. At the same time, they are also very clear that Gandhi has a supreme position in the hearts of Hindus, and Gandhi's death can arouse greater hatred of Hindus against Muslims. On January 30, 1948, Gandhi was assassinated by a Hindu diehard. At first people didn't know the identity of the murderer, they thought it was sent by Muslims. There was a lot of immediate violence in Mumbai, with looting, arson and homicide. After Gandhi's death, a brief peace was restored in India, because Gandhi's prestige was too high, and the whole country fell into grief. Especially on the day of the cremation, millions of people mourned for him, and the scene was full of grief. And the fire pit used for cremation at the scene, there are constantly overwhelmed Indian women jumping into it and burial for Gandhi, and more and more are going on. The killer was eventually hanged by Gandhi's student, Indian Prime Minister Nehru. For the people of India, Gandhi gave the country not only independence, freedom and democracy, but also faith. India's largest political family, the "Nehru-Gandhi" family, was deeply influenced by Gandhi. In this family, the three Indian leaders who have appeared successively have close relations with Gandhi. Nehru, the first prime minister after India's independence, was a comrade-in-arms who spent sleepless nights and dedicated himself with Gandhi for India's independence; India's only female prime minister so far, Nehru's daughter Indira Gandhi, is also deeply Gandhi's influence (not related to Mahatma Gandhi. Because she married a journalist named Firoz Gandhi, who was also surnamed "Gandhi", her surname was the same as that of Western Europe, and her husband's surname changed from "Nehru" to "Gandhi". "Gandhi"), and her son, Rajiv Gandhi, also inherited his mother's legacy. It can be said that Gandhi influenced the history of modern India. For the people of India, Gandhi gave the country not only independence, freedom and democracy, but also faith. India's largest political family, the "Nehru-Gandhi" family, was deeply influenced by Gandhi. In this family, the three Indian leaders who have appeared successively have close relations with Gandhi. Nehru, the first prime minister after India's independence, was a comrade-in-arms who spent sleepless nights and dedicated himself with Gandhi for India's independence; India's only female prime minister so far, Nehru's daughter Indira Gandhi, is also deeply Gandhi's influence (not related to Mahatma Gandhi. Because she married a journalist named Firoz Gandhi, who was also surnamed "Gandhi", her surname was the same as that of Western Europe, and her husband's surname changed from "Nehru" to "Gandhi". "Gandhi"), and her son, Rajiv Gandhi, also inherited his mother's legacy. It can be said that Gandhi influenced the history of modern India. For the people of India, Gandhi gave the country not only independence, freedom and democracy, but also faith. India's largest political family, the "Nehru-Gandhi" family, was deeply influenced by Gandhi. In this family, the three Indian leaders who have appeared successively have close relations with Gandhi. Nehru, the first prime minister after India's independence, was a comrade-in-arms who spent sleepless nights and dedicated himself with Gandhi for India's independence; India's only female prime minister so far, Nehru's daughter Indira Gandhi, is also deeply Gandhi's influence (not related to Mahatma Gandhi. Because she married a journalist named Firoz Gandhi, who was also surnamed "Gandhi", her surname was the same as that of Western Europe, and her husband's surname changed from "Nehru" to "Gandhi". "Gandhi"), and her son, Rajiv Gandhi, also inherited his mother's legacy. It can be said that Gandhi influenced the history of modern India.
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